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转基因棉种植对土壤水解酶活性的影响

张丽莉1;武志杰1;陈利军1;孙彩霞2   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;
    2东北大学生物技术研究所, 沈阳 110004
  • 收稿日期:2006-02-28 修回日期:2006-06-15 出版日期:2006-11-10 发布日期:2006-11-10

Effects of transgenic cotton planting on soil hydrolase activity

ZHANG Lili1; WU Zhijie1; CHEN Lijun1; SUN Caixia2   

  1. 1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
    2Institute of Biotechnology, Northeastern University, Shenyang110004, China

  • Received:2006-02-28 Revised:2006-06-15 Online:2006-11-10 Published:2006-11-10

摘要: 转Bt基因棉和转Bt+CpTI基因棉种植面积不断扩大,它们种植后杀虫晶体蛋白在土壤中的残留特性及对土壤水解酶活性的影响是环境风险评价的重要组成部分,本文采用盆栽实验的方法对此进行了初步研究。结果表明,转基因棉出苗后生长到30天时可向土壤中释放Bt杀虫晶体蛋白,而双抗棉种植时CpTI杀虫晶体蛋白的释放量与品种有关;转基因棉出苗后30天时,与等价基因系非转基因棉(各对照)相比,转Bt基因棉(“中30")和双抗棉A(转Bt+CpTI棉“中41")的种植并未使脲酶、蛋白酶和磷酸单脂酶活性发生显著变化,而双抗棉B(转Bt+CpTI棉“双抗321")的种植使土壤磷酸单脂酶活性显著下降。从杀虫晶体蛋白的释放和对酶活性的影响来看,双抗棉A的种植对土壤的生物活性扰动更小。

关键词: 叶绿素a, 脱镁叶绿酸, 沉积物

Abstract: With the increasing area of transgenic Bt and Bt+CpTI cottons planting, it's of significance to assess the environmental risk of their toxins release. In this paper, a pot experiment with transgenic Bt cotton"Zhong 30" and Bt+CpTI cottons “Zhong 41" and “Shuangkang 321" was conducted to study the persistence characteristics of their toxins in soil and the effects of these toxins on soil hydrolase activity. The results showed that Bt toxin was introduced into soil after 30 days of seedlings growth, and the introduced amount of CpTI toxin was differed with the cultivars. Compared with the relevant non-transgenic cottons, the planting of“Zhong 30" and “Zhong 41" had nosignificant effects on the activities of soil urease, proteinase and phosphomonoesterase, while that of “Shuangkang 321" decreased soil phosphomonoesterse activity significantly. From the viewpoints of toxin release and its effects on soil hydrolase activity, the planting of "Zhong 41"caused fewer disturbances on soil biological activities.

Key words: Chlorophyll a, Phaeopigments, Sediment