落叶松人工林林下种植刺龙芽对土壤碳组分及微生物群落的影响

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 3341-3350.

落叶松人工林林下种植刺龙芽对土壤碳组分及微生物群落的影响

王金国^1,2,张彩虹¹,厉笑含^2,3,4,侯志铭⁵,陈超⁵,谢路路^2,4,金鑫⁶,王庆伟^2,4*

（¹山东农业大学林学院，山东泰安 271000； ²中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，森林生态与保育重点实验室（中国科学院），沈阳 110016； ³中国科学院大学，北京 100049； ⁴吉林长白山西坡森林生态系统国家定位观测站，吉林白山 134506； ⁵陕西省林业调查规划院，陕西省森林资源监测中心，西安 710082； ⁶辽宁省森林经营研究所，辽宁丹东 118000）

出版日期:2026-10-10 发布日期:2027-04-12

The influence of understory cultivation of Aralia elata on soil nutrients and soil microbial communities in Larix spp. plantations.

WANG Jinguo^1,2, ZHANG Caihong¹, LI Xiaohan^2,3,4, HOU Zhiming⁵, CHEN Chao⁵, XIE Lulu^2,4, JIN Xin⁶, WANG Qingwei^2,4*

(¹College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271000, Shandong, China; ²CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; ⁴National Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystems on the Western Slope of Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, Baishan 134506, Jilin, China; ⁵ Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Forestry Survey and Planning, Shaanxi Provincial Forest Resources Monitoring Center, Xi’an 710082, China; ⁶Liaoning Provincial Forest Management Research Institute, Dandong 118000, Liaoning, China).

Online:2026-10-10 Published:2027-04-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 落叶松人工林下种植刺龙芽是辽东山区的特色经济产业，但种植刺龙芽对土壤有机碳和微生物群落的作用尚未明确。本研究以辽东山区落叶松人工林刺龙芽复合模式为对象，分析林下种植刺龙芽（实验组）与未种植（对照组）样地0～10和10～20 cm土层的土壤碳库组分及微生物群落特征。结果表明：（1）与对照相比，林下种植刺龙芽显著提高了土壤总碳、有机碳及主要组分（可溶性有机碳、颗粒有机碳和矿物结合有机碳）含量，且0～10 cm土层增幅高于10～20 cm。（2）林下种植刺龙芽显著提高细菌Simpson多样性，但降低了真菌Simpson多样性，群落结构在不同土层中呈现特异性分异（细菌群落整体差异显著，真菌群落主要在0～10 cm土层差异显著）。（3）与对照相比，林下种植刺龙芽降低了细菌门Acidobacteriota、Chloroflexota和真菌门Basidiomycota的相对丰度，增加了细菌门Pseudomonadota、Verrucomicrobiota和真菌门Ascomycota的相对丰度。土壤有机碳及其组分与细菌Chloroflexotax相对丰度呈显著负相关，与Verrucomicrobiota相对丰度呈显著正相关。本研究揭示了辽东山区落叶松人工林-刺龙芽复合种植模式下，土壤有机碳及主要组分显著提升、微生物群落多样性与关键类群改变的规律及二者关联性，为东北地区该复合模式的生态-经济协同发展奠定重要理论基础。

关键词: 辽东山区, 林下经济, 土壤有机碳, 微生物群落多样性, 生态效应

Abstract: Cultivating Aralia elata under larch plantations is a typical economic industry in mountainous areas of eastern Liaoning. However, the effects of A. elata cultivation on soil organic carbon and microbial communities remain unclear. We analyzed soil carbon pool components and microbial community characteristics in 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers between plots with understory planting of A. elata (experimental group) and non-planting plots (control group) in the compound ecosystem of larch plantations intercropped with A. elata in eastern Liaoning mountainous areas. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the control group, understory cultivation of Aralia elata significantly increased the contents of soil total carbon, soil organic carbon and its main components including dissolved organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon. The amplitude of enhancement was higher in the 0-10 cm soil layer than in the 10-20 cm layer. (2) A. elata planting markedly increased the Simpson diversity of bacteria but decreased that of fungi. The community structure exhibited specific differentiation across different soil layers. There were significant differences among bacterial communities, whereas distinct variations of fungal communities mainly occurred in the 0-10 cm soil layer. (3) Compared with that in the control, understory A. elata planting decreased the relative abundances of bacterial phyla Acidobacteriota and Chloroflexota, and fungal phylum Basidiomycota, while increased those of bacterial phyla Pseudomonadota and Verrucomicrobiota, and fungal phylum Ascomycota. Soil organic carbon and its main components showed negative correlations with the relative abundance of Chloroflexota, but positive correlations with that of Verrucomicrobiota. This study revealed the patterns and correlations of significant increases in soil organic carbon and its main components, as well as changes in microbial community diversity and key taxa under the intercropping system of larch plantations and A. elata. Our findings provide an important theoretical basis for the coordinated ecological and economic development of this compound planting mode in Northeast China.

Key words: the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning, under-forest economy, soil organic carbon, microbial community diversity, ecological effect

王金国, 张彩虹, 厉笑含, 侯志铭, 陈超, 谢路路, 金鑫, 王庆伟. 落叶松人工林林下种植刺龙芽对土壤碳组分及微生物群落的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(10): 3341-3350.

WANG Jinguo, ZHANG Caihong, LI Xiaohan, HOU Zhiming, CHEN Chao, XIE Lulu, JIN Xin, WANG Qingwei. The influence of understory cultivation of Aralia elata on soil nutrients and soil microbial communities in Larix spp. plantations.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(10): 3341-3350.

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