高寒沙地不同平茬措施下沙柳人工林的养分限制因素

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202601.004

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 84-91.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202601.004

高寒沙地不同平茬措施下沙柳人工林的养分限制因素

李清雪^1,2，贾志清^1,2,3*，何凌仙子^1,2，张佳鹏⁴，赵雪彬²，羊秀本²，戴捷⁵

(¹中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所，北京 100091； ²青海共和荒漠生态系统定位观测研究站，青海共和 813005； ³中国林业科学研究院林业研究所，北京 100091； ⁴中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所，长春 130102； ⁵内蒙古工业大学，呼和浩特 010000)

出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2026-01-08

Nutrient limitation of Salix psammophila plantations under different stubble treatments on alpine sandy land.

LI Qingxue^1,2, JIA Zhiqing^1,2,3*, HE Lingxianzi^1,2, ZHANG Jiapeng⁴, ZHAO Xuebin², YANG Xiuben², Dai Jie⁵#br#

#br#

(¹Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; ²Qinghai Gonghe Desert Ecosystem Research Station, Gonghe 813005, Qinghai, China; ³Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; ⁴Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China, ⁵Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010000, China).

Online:2026-01-10 Published:2026-01-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以青海共和盆地高寒沙地衰退沙柳人工林为研究对象，分析未平茬、隔行平茬和全平茬3种处理下，叶和新生枝的C、N、P和K含量和化学计量比的变化特征及其与土壤养分之间的关系，揭示沙柳生长的主要限制因素，为三北防护林生态功能持续高效发挥提供科学依据。结果表明：2种平茬林叶片和枝条的C、N、P和K含量都显著高于未平茬林（P<0.05）；隔行平茬林叶片的C∶N显著高于其他林分类型（P<0.05），其C同化能力和N利用效率有所提升；与未平茬林相比，2种平茬措施叶片和枝条的C∶P和C∶K显著降低（P<0.05），平茬提高了沙柳对P和K的吸收能力；未平茬林、隔行平茬林和全平茬林叶片的N∶P分别为19.11、15.07和15.94，N∶K分别为1.18、0.74和0.86，P∶K分别为0.06、0.05和0.05，未平茬林受P限制，2种平茬林都受N和P的共同限制；平茬措施下土壤速效磷含量显著增加；土壤速效磷含量是叶片和枝条的C、N、P和K含量及其化学计量比的主要影响因素，其解释程度分别为71%和50%。综上所述，该区衰退沙柳人工林的生长主要受P限制，对其进行管护时，应适当施用磷肥；对其进行修复时，宜采用隔行平茬措施，同时补施磷肥和氮肥。

关键词: 高寒沙地, 沙柳人工林, 平茬, 养分含量, 化学计量比

Abstract: To reveal the main factors limiting the growth of Salix psammophila and provide a scientific basis for the sustainable and efficient development of the Three-North Shelter Forest, we examined the variations of the C, N, P, and K contents and stoichiometric ratios in leaf and new branch under non-stubble, single-row interlaced stubble and full stubble treatments in the declining S. psammophila plantations on alpine sandy land of Gonghe Basin, Qinghai Province, and analyzed their relationships with soil nutrients. The results showed that the C, N, P and K contents in leaf and branch of two stubble plantations were significantly higher than non-stubble plantation (P<0.05). Leaf C∶N in singlerow interlaced stubble plantation was significantly higher than that of other plantations (P<0.05), while the C assimilation capacity and N use efficiency were improved. Compared with nonstubble plantation, the C∶P and C∶K in leaf and new branch of the two stubble plantations were significantly decreased, indicating that the stubble measures enhanced the P and K uptake capacity of S. psammophila. For non-stubble, single-row interlaced stubble and full stubble plantations, leaf N∶P was 19.11, 15.07 and 15.94, leaf N∶K was 1.18, 0.74 and 0.86, and leaf P∶K was 0.06, 0.05 and 0.05, respectively, which indicated that the growth of non-stubble plantation was limited by P, and the growth of two stubble plantations were co-limited by N and P. Soil available phosphorus (AP) content increased in stubble plantations. The soil AP content was the main influencing factor of the C, N, P and K contents and their stoichiometric ratios in leaf and branch, with the explanatory degree of 71% and 50%, respectively. In conclusion, the growth of S. psammophila plantations in this region is mainly limited by P element. P fertilizer should be applied appropriately in plantation management. Single-row interlaced stubble measure should be adopted for the restoration of the declining S. psammophila plantations, and P and N fertilizers should be applied simultaneously.

Key words: alpine sandy land, Salix psammophila plantation, stubble, nutrient element, stoichiometric ratio

李清雪, 贾志清, 何凌仙子, 张佳鹏, 赵雪彬, 羊秀本, 戴捷. 高寒沙地不同平茬措施下沙柳人工林的养分限制因素[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(1): 84-91.

LI Qingxue, JIA Zhiqing, HE Lingxianzi, ZHANG Jiapeng, ZHAO Xuebin, YANG Xiuben, Dai Jie. Nutrient limitation of Salix psammophila plantations under different stubble treatments on alpine sandy land.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(1): 84-91.

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高寒沙地不同平茬措施下沙柳人工林的养分限制因素

Nutrient limitation of Salix psammophila plantations under different stubble treatments on alpine sandy land.

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