红松幼苗光合特性对低温和光照变化的响应

生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 2623-2631.

红松幼苗光合特性对低温和光照变化的响应

陈庆达^1,2,3,4,刁思月^1,5,胡菁格^1,2,6,肇同斌⁷,祝成瑶⁸,李秀芬^1,2*

（¹沈阳农业大学农学院，沈阳 110866； ²辽宁清原森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，沈阳 110016； ³中国科学院大学，北京 100049； ⁴森林生态与保育重点实验室(中国科学院)，中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，沈阳 110016； ⁵本溪市气象局，辽宁本溪 117022； ⁶抚顺市气象局，辽宁抚顺 113006； ⁷辽宁省气象信息中心，沈阳 110000； ⁸平邑县气象局，山东临沂 273300）

出版日期:2024-09-10 发布日期:2024-09-10

Response of photosynthetic characteristics of Pinus koraiensis seedlings to low temperature and light stress.

CHEN Qingda^1,2,3,4, DIAO Siyue^1,5, HU Jingge^1,2,6, ZHAO Tongbin⁷, ZHU Chengyao⁸, LI Xiufen^1,2*

(¹Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; ²Qingyuan Forest, National Observation and Research Station, Liaoning Province, Shenyang 110016, China; ³University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; ⁴CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Silviculture, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; ⁵Benxi Meteorological Administration, Benxi 117022, Liaoning, China; ⁶Fushun Meteorological Administration, Fushun 113006, Liaoning, China; ⁷Liaoning Provincial Meteorological Information Center, Shenyang 110000, China; ⁸Pingyi Meteorological Administration, Linyi 273300, Shandong, China).

Online:2024-09-10 Published:2024-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全球气候变暖背景下，提早萌发生长的红松幼苗极易遭受春季低温的危害，进而影响其更新。为探究春季极端低温对红松幼苗早期生长的影响，本研究从光合特性方面探讨了一年生红松幼苗对不同低温（T1：10 ℃、T2：6 ℃、T3：2 ℃、T4：-2 ℃、T5：-6 ℃）和不同光照（L1：150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、L2：750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、L3：1500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）胁迫的生理响应机制。结果表明：（1）随温度降低，各光合指标基本呈现逐渐降低的趋势。6 ℃和10 ℃时，红松幼苗的光合能力（净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）、蒸腾速率（T_r））在中等光强（750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）处理下显著高于低光强处理（150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）和高光强处理（1500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）；（2）最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）、实际光化学效率（Φ_PSⅡ）、光化学淬灭系数（qP）和电子传递速率（ETR）均随胁迫温度的降低而显著降低，初始荧光（F_o）和非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）则逐渐升高。在光照750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1下的PSⅡ光合系统受损最小，在温度低于2 ℃时以L3（1500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）光强对PSⅡ光合系统的伤害最大；（3）低温胁迫下，低光和高光环境均加剧了红松幼苗光合系统的破坏程度，由气孔和非气孔限制因素共同造成了净光合速率的下降，且以高光下的损害降低最为严重。基于上述研究结果，我们提出了遮荫保温、营造针阔混交林、抚育间伐等早期预防低温灾害的经营管理措施，旨在为红松幼苗的早期生长更新提供科学参考。

关键词: 红松幼苗, 低温胁迫, 光强, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光参数

Abstract: In the context of global climate warming, Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) seedlings with advanced growth are highly susceptible to low temperature in spring, which in turn, affecting regeneration. To explore the impacts of extremely low temperatures in spring on the early growth of Korean pine seedlings, we conducted a manipulative experiment to investigate the combined effects of spring low temperature (T1: 10 ℃, T2: 6 ℃, T3: 2 ℃, T4: -2 ℃, T5: -6 ℃) and different light intensities (L1: 150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1; L2: 750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1; L3: 1500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) on photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of one-year-old Korean pine seedlings. The results showed that: (1) With decreasing temperature, photosynthetic variables tended to decrease. At 6 ℃ and 10 ℃, photosynthetic capacity (net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), transpiration rate (T_r)) was highest in moderate light intensity (750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1), and all of which were higher than under low light intensity (150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) and high light intensity (1500 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) treatments. (2) F_v/F_m, Φ_PSⅡ, qP and ETR significantly decreased with decreasing stressed temperatures, while F_o and NPQ gradually increased. The PSII photosynthetic system suffered the least damage at light intensity of 750 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, while light intensity (L3) under low-temperature stress (<2 ℃) caused the most extensive damage to PSII photosynthetic system. (3) Under low temperature stress, both low and high light intensity environments exacerbated the damage to the photosynthetic system. Both stomatal and non-stomatal limiting factors contributed to the decline in P_n, with most severe damage under high light conditions. Based on these results, we proposed management measures, such as shading and insulation, establishment of mixed forests of coniferous and broad-leaved tree species, and thinning, to avoid the impacts of low temperatures, aiming to provide scientific basis for the early growth and regeneration of Korean pine seedlings.

Key words: Pinus koraiensis seedling, low temperature stress, light intensity, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence parameter

陈庆达, 刁思月, 胡菁格, 肇同斌, 祝成瑶, 李秀芬. 红松幼苗光合特性对低温和光照变化的响应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(9): 2623-2631.

CHEN Qingda, DIAO Siyue, HU Jingge, ZHAO Tongbin, ZHU Chengyao, LI Xiufen. Response of photosynthetic characteristics of Pinus koraiensis seedlings to low temperature and light stress.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2024, 43(9): 2623-2631.

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