矿质元素缺失对鱼腥草幼苗生理特征及次生代谢组分的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202208.017

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (8): 1594-1601.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202208.017

矿质元素缺失对鱼腥草幼苗生理特征及次生代谢组分的影响

丁倩¹,罗世琼²,杨占南^1*,杨顺兴¹,王开凤¹,叶海涛¹,王元帅¹,王玉²

（¹贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室，贵阳 550001；²贵州师范大学生命科学学院，贵阳 550025）

出版日期:2022-08-10 发布日期:2022-08-16

Effects of mineral nutrient deficiency on the physiological characteristics and secondary metabolic components of Houttuynia cordata seedlings.

DING Qian¹, LUO Shi-qiong², YANG Zhan-nan^1*, YANG Shun-xing¹, WANG Kai-feng¹, YE Hai-tao¹, WANG Yuan-shuai¹, WANG Yu²

(¹Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China; ²School of Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China).

Online:2022-08-10 Published:2022-08-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探索矿质元素缺失对植物生理特征及次生代谢组分的影响，采用无菌鱼腥草幼苗，设置不同元素水平的固体培养基，模拟土壤环境，包括缺P（T1）、缺Ca（T2）、缺Mg（T3）、缺K（T4）、缺Fe（T5），以完全培养基（CK）为对照，培养30 d，分析鱼腥草幼苗叶片中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）的活性，丙二醛（MDA）、叶绿素、酚类及挥发性组分含量以及根系分泌草酸量。结果表明：形态上，处理组叶面积瘦小，过早老化（缺P、Ca），变黄（缺K），新生根少（缺Fe）；抗氧化胁迫上，MDA含量、SOD、POD活性呈现不同程度的增加，MDA含量增加了99.7%（P<0.05，缺Mg），SOD活性增加了24.1%（P<0.05，缺Ca），POD活性增加了29.4%（P<0.05，缺P）；生理生化上，在缺Mg、Fe、P处理下，叶绿素含量分别降低了29.4%、59.9%、56.1%（P<0.05）；草酸含量增加了51.3%（P<0.05），为4.84 μg·mL^-1（缺Fe）；次生代谢组分上，不同处理有利于酚类和挥发性组分的积累，其中，缺P、Ca、Mg、K处理下，异槲皮苷分别增加了259.7%、213.7%、177.1%、411.7%（P<0.05），绿原酸增加了108.2%（P<0.05，缺K），在缺P、Mg、K处理下，顺-3-己烯乙酯分别增加了130.1%、160.3%、166.9%（P<0.05），γ松油烯增加了140.3%（P<0.05，缺Mg），癸醛、龙脑分别增加了125.2%、227.2%（P<0.05，缺Fe）。结果暗示，矿质元素缺失影响鱼腥草幼苗生理特征及代谢组分累积，这为鱼腥草的定向培育及药用价值利用提供理论依据。

关键词: 营养元素胁迫, 丙二醛, 超氧化物歧化酶, 过氧化物酶, 次生代谢组分

Abstract: We examined the effects of mineral nutrient deficiency on plant physiological characteristics and secondary metabolites. Sterile Houttuynia cordata seedlings were cultured under different element levels (including lack of P (T1), Ca (T2), Mg (T3), K (T4) and Fe (T5), and complete medium (CK) as a control) in solid media simulating soil environment for 30 days. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll, phenols, and volatile components in the leaves, and the amount of oxalic acid secreted by the roots were analyzed. The results showed that leaves in the treatment groups were thin, prematurely aged (lack of P, Ca), yellow (lack of K), and less new roots (lack of Fe) in morphology. In terms of antioxidant stress, MDA content, SOD and POD activities were increased in different degrees, with MDA content increased by 99.7% (P<0.05, lack of Mg), SOD activity by 24.1% (P<0.05, lack of Ca), POD activity by 29.4% (P<0.05, lack of P). In terms of physiology and biochemistry, foliar chlorophyll content in treatment groups (lack of Mg, Fe and P) was significantly decreased by 29.4%, 59.9%, and 56.1% (P<0.05), respectively. The oxalic acid content was 4.84 μg·mL^-1, with an increase of 51.3% (P<0.05, lack of Fe). As for secondary metabolites, different treatments were beneficial to the accumulation of phenolics and volatiles. Under the condition with P, Ca, Mg and K deficiency, isoquercitrin increased by 259.7%, 213.7%, 177.1% and 411.7%, respectively (P<0.05), while chlorogenic acid increased by 108.2% (P<0.05, lack of K). Under P, Mg and K deficiency, cis-3-hexene ethyl ester increased by 130.1%, 160.3% and 166.9%, respectively (P<0.05), γ-terpinene increased by 140.3% (P<0.05, lack of Mg), and decanal and borneol increased by 125.2% and 227.2%, respectively (P<0.05, lack of Fe). Our results suggested that mineral nutrient deficiency affected the physiological characteristics and metabolites accumulation, providing theoretical basis for directional cultivation and medicinal use of H. cordata.

Key words: nutrient stress, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, secondary metabolites.

丁倩, 罗世琼, 杨占南, 杨顺兴, 王开凤, 叶海涛, 王元帅, 王玉. 矿质元素缺失对鱼腥草幼苗生理特征及次生代谢组分的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(8): 1594-1601.

DING Qian, LUO Shi-qiong, YANG Zhan-nan, YANG Shun-xing, WANG Kai-feng, YE Hai-tao, WANG Yuan-shuai, WANG Yu. Effects of mineral nutrient deficiency on the physiological characteristics and secondary metabolic components of Houttuynia cordata seedlings.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(8): 1594-1601.

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矿质元素缺失对鱼腥草幼苗生理特征及次生代谢组分的影响

Effects of mineral nutrient deficiency on the physiological characteristics and secondary metabolic components of Houttuynia cordata seedlings.

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