关键词: 避难所, 物种分布模型, 分布变迁, 第四纪, 云杉属

Abstract: Rice bran application and anaerobic treatment with irrigation were conducted to explore the effective ways of prevention and control of bacterial wilt. The results showed that the effects of rice bran (B), rice bran + irrigation (DB) and rice bran + anaerobic disinfestation (ADB) on bacterial wilt suppression were 82.5%, 90% and 100%, respectively. ADB treatment significantly increased plant height, stem diameter and fresh weight of tomato by 176%, 111% and 755%, respectively. In comparison with the control, DB and ADB treatments significantly increased soil temperature, pH and conductivity (EC), but reduced redox potential (Eh); ADB treatment significantly increased the contents of succinic acid, fumaric acid and citric acid in soil. In addition, DB and ADB treatments reduced the amounts of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi, but increased the ratios of bacteria/fungi and bacteria/actinomycetes, and significantly reduced the amount of Ralstonia solanacearum in soil and plant stems. This study indicated that both DB and ADB treatments could significantly improve soil physicochemical properties and regulate soil microbial community structure, thus inhibiting R. solanacearum development and reducing the occurrence of tomato bacterial wilt.

Key words: species distribution model, Quaternary, Picea, distribution and change, refugium