游客数量对圈养狼行为的影响

生态学杂志

游客数量对圈养狼行为的影响

刘丙万^1*,陈璐雯¹,李若楠²,何相宝²,Timothy R. Van Deelen^3

（¹东北林业大学野生动物资源学院，哈尔滨 150040; ^2哈尔滨北方森林动物园，哈尔滨 150322; ^3 Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of WisconsinMadison, Madison 53706）

出版日期:2016-03-10 发布日期:2016-03-10

Effects of tourist numbers on the behavior of captive wolves.

LIU Bing-wan^1*, CHEN Lu-wen¹, LI Ruo-nan², HE Xiang-bao², Timothy R. VAN DEELEN^3

(¹College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; ²Harbin Northern Forest Zoo, Harbin 150322, China; ^3Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology, University of WisconsinMadison, Madison 53706, USA)

Online:2016-03-10 Published:2016-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 人对野生动物行为的影响是动物行为学研究的热点问题，游客数量是影响动物园动物行为的重要因素。为了改善狼的圈养环境，2014年9—11月，在哈尔滨北方森林动物园，采用扫描取样法研究了游客数量对圈养狼行为的影响。结果表明：（1）国庆节前、国庆节期间和国庆节后圈养狼活动、静止、刻板和冲突行为的频次所占比例存在显著性差异（P<0.05），而友好行为和“其他”行为的频次所占比例不存在显著性差异（P>0.05）；（2）相关性分析表明，圈养狼活动和友好行为的频次所占比例与游客数量显著正相关(P<0.05)；圈养狼静止行为和刻板行为的频次所占比例与游客量显著负相关（P<0.05)；圈养狼冲突和“其他”行为的频次所占比例与游客数量不相关（P>0.05)。这说明游客数量会影响动物园圈养狼的行为且对圈养狼不同的行为有不同的影响，为调整游客数量、提高圈养狼的福利提供了依据。

关键词: 微生物功能多样性, 蚕豆枯萎病, AM真菌

Abstract: Effects of humans on the behaviors of wildlife are a focal issue for ethology and tourist numbers are an important factor that affects behaviors of captive wildlife in zoos. To improve welfare of captive wolves, we studied the effects of the tourist numbers on the behavior of captive wolves using group scan sampling before, during and after China’s National Day in Harbin Northern Forest Zoo from September to November in 2014. The proportions of active, static, conflict and stereotyped behaviors of captive wolves differed significantly among the three periods (P<0.05), while the proportions of friendly and other behaviors did not (P>0.05). The proportions of active and friendly behaviors of captive wolves were positively associated with the number of tourists significantly (P<0.05), while the proportions of static and stereotyped behaviors were negatively associated with number of tourists significantly (P<0.05). Proportions of conflict and other behaviors of captive wolves were not associated with number of tourists significantly (P>0.05). Our results indicate that tourist number affects the behaviors of the captive wolves in zoos and zoo managers could improve the welfare of captive wolves by managing tourist numbers.

Key words: faba bean fusarium wilt, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, functional diversity of soil microbial community

刘丙万1*,陈璐雯1,李若楠2,何相宝2,Timothy R. Van Deelen3. 游客数量对圈养狼行为的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

LIU Bing-wan1*, CHEN Lu-wen1, LI Ruo-nan2, HE Xiang-bao2, Timothy R. VAN DEELEN3. Effects of tourist numbers on the behavior of captive wolves.[J]. cje.

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