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生态学杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (06): 1221-1227.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

高山垫状植物的生态系统工程师效应研究进展

何永涛**;石培礼;闫 巍   

  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室 拉萨站,北京 100101
  • 出版日期:2010-06-10 发布日期:2010-06-10

Ecosystem engineering of cushion plants in alpine plant community: A review.

HE Yong-tao;SHI Pei-li;YAN Wei   

  1. Lhasa Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China
  • Online:2010-06-10 Published:2010-06-10

摘要: 垫状植物是分布于高山地区的一类代表性植物,通常具有密致且一定面积的外表结构,因此其具有较强的改变周围微环境的能力:调控局部区域的最高和最低温度,增加土壤湿度和养分的有效性,降低风的侵蚀性。垫状植物对微环境的调节有利于其他高山植物的生存,从而可以提高群落中物种的丰富度和多样性,促进外来植物的生长,提高生态系统的功能,因此被称为高山地区的“生态系统工程师”,这也是植物适应高山区域严酷生存条件的重要途径之一。垫状植物对其周围资源环境调节的程度及其作用的空间尺度是影响其生态系统工程师效应的主要因素,也是目前研究中的核心问题。

关键词: 空间邻接特征分析, 绿洲, 生态安全评价, 金塔县

Abstract: How the plants adapt to the serious environments such as low temperature, strong solar radiation, strong wind, and poor soil fertility in alpine areas is a popular question which has becn paid much attention in alpine ecology. Cushion plants area group of representative plants in alpine areas, whose compact and huge surface structure can change their surrounding micro-environments, e.g., can regulate maximum and minimum temperature, improve soil humidity and nutrient availability, and reduce wind erosion. The changed micro-environments by cushion plants can benefit other alpine plants, and improve the species diversity of plant community. Therefore, cushion plants are called as the ecosystem engineers in alpine ecosystem, and the ecosystem engineering of cushion plants is an important way for plants to adapt alpine environments. The environmental change, such as the changes of altitude and water resources, can affect the ecosystem engineering of cushion plants, and a major research challenge is to understand the regulation mechanism and magnitude of cushion plants, which is of significance in predicting the future dynamics of alpine plant community under climate change.

Key words: Spatial neighboring characteristics, Oasis, Ecological security, Jinta County