关键词: 冬小麦, 风险评估指标, 产量灾损, 风险类型, 地理分布

Abstract: Adhesion of marine fouling organisms is unfavorable to human activities, while many sessile and motile organisms inhabited in marine environment can keep themselves clean by the physical and chemical means, such as tolerance, avoidance, low surface energy, and natural compounds etc., against fouling that are formed during their long-term evolution. In this paper, the antifouling mechanisms of marine organism were reviewed, and their application prospects were put forward. To understand these mechanisms would be beneficial to the research and development of new non-toxic antifouling products, and thus, to provide new ways to solve the fouling problems.

Key words: Winter wheat, Risk assessment index, Yield loss, Risk classification, Geographic distribution