关键词: 致敏花粉, 花粉来源, 监测方法, 运移模拟, 综合影响评估

Abstract: During urban ecological construction, a systematic understanding and management of allergenic plants and allergenic pollens have become crucial. The indiscriminate introduction of plant species without considering allergenic pollens may lead to an increasingly serious urban allergenic pollen problem. We reviewed the researches on the sources and monitoring methods of allergenic pollens, the atmospheric transport characteristics, as well as its potential integrated impacts and risk assessment following a logical structure of pattern-process-effect. Firstly, we sorted out the source plants of allergenic pollens and summarized the monitoring techniques for allergenic pollens. Secondly, we summarized the methods for identifying the flowering periods of allergenic plants based on technologies such as remote sensing and deep learning, centering on the relationship between the growth and developmental stages of plant flowering and environmental factors. Thirdly, we outlined the methods of prediction of the concentration of allergenic pollens, discerned the two distinctive modes of pollen impacts and transport in full bloom and non-full bloom periods, and summarized the comprehensive risk assessment methods of allergenic pollens. Finally, we pointed out the shortcomings in prediction, migration simulation, and health assessment of urban allergenic pollens, and prospected future research directions and potential applications. This review is of great significance for improving the prevention and control level of urban pollen allergies and promoting urban ecological construction.

Key words: allergenic pollen, pollen source, monitoring method, transport simulation, risk assessment