利用红外相机技术分析湖南南山国家公园金童山片区鸟兽多样性及活动节律

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.023

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 2659-2668.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202508.023

利用红外相机技术分析湖南南山国家公园金童山片区鸟兽多样性及活动节律

李旭丰¹,张荣华²,聂美红²,杨盛东²,翟家正¹,李松文¹,周琳¹,张志强^1*

（¹中南林业科技大学野生动植物保护研究所，长沙 410004； ²湖南省南山国家公园管理局金童山自然保护区管理处，湖南邵阳 422500)

出版日期:2025-08-10 发布日期:2025-08-14

Applying infrared camera technology to assess biodiversity and activity patterns of avian and mammalian species in the Jintongshan Region of Hunan Nanshan National Park.

LI Xufeng¹, ZHANG Ronghua², NIE Meihong², YANG Shengdong², ZHAI Jiazheng¹, LI Songwen¹, ZHOU Lin¹, ZHANG Zhiqiang^1*

(¹Institute of Wildlife Conservation, South Central University of Forestry Science and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; ²Management Office of Jintongshan Nature Reserve, Nanshan National Park Administration, Hunan Province, Shaoyang 422500, Hunan, China).

Online:2025-08-10 Published:2025-08-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 持续开展野生动物资源监测，是自然保护地野生动物保护与管理工作的基础。为掌握湖南南山国家公园金童山片区野生动物资源本底，推进当地野生动物保护与管理，于2021年6月—2022年8月利用红外相机对区内兽类和鸟类资源进行了监测。本次监测共设置60个红外相机位点，累计15343个有效相机工作日，拍摄独立有效照片3733张，共计发现兽类4目12科19种、鸟类6目20科53种，其中白腹短翅鸲(Luscinia phaenicuroides)、白眉鹀(Emberiza tristrami)为区内新记录种。林麝(Moschus berezovskii)、小灵猫(Viverricula indica)、白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti)属国家一级重点保护野生动物，亚洲黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)、仙八色鸫(Pitta nympha)等15个物种属国家二级重点保护野生动物。兽类中红腿长吻松鼠(Dremomys pyrrhomerus)相对多度最高，鸟类中白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)最高。通过对区内代表物种进行日活动节律分析，白鹇和红腹锦鸡(Chrysolophus pictus)、花面狸(Paguma larvata)和鼬獾(Melogale moschata)的日活动节律高度重叠且差异性不显著；毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)和野猪(Sus scrofa)、红腿长吻松鼠和红背鼯鼠(Petaurista petaurista)的日活动节律存在显著差异；白鹇和红腿长吻松鼠雨季和旱季活动节律发生分化，野猪的活动节律未发生分化现象。本次监测结果强调持续开展自然保护地野生动物资源的重要性和必要性，利用红外相机技术对常见物种活动节律的掌握有助于野生动物资源保护与管理。

关键词: 红外相机, 物种多样性, 活动节律, 金童山片区, 湖南南山国家公园

Abstract: The ongoing surveillance of wildlife resources constitutes the cornerstone for effective conservation and management of wildlife within nature reserves. To establish a comprehensive understanding of wildlife resources as well as to promote wildlife protection and management in the Jintongshan Region of Hunan Nanshan National Park, infrared cameras were used to monitor mammalian and avian resources from June 2021 to August 2022. This monitoring campaign encompassed an installation of 60 infrared camera stations, accumulating a total of 15343 effective camera-days and yielding 3733 individual and valid photos. We identified 19 mammal species belonging to 4 orders and 12 families, as well as 53 bird species belonging to 6 orders and 20 families. Luscinia phaenicuroides and Emberiza tristrami are new records for the region. Moschus berezovskii, Viverricula indica, and Syrmaticus ellioti are classified as Class Ⅰ nationally key protected wild animals in China. Ursus thibetanus, Tragopan temminckii, and Pitta nympha are among 15 species classified as Class Ⅱ nationally key protected wild animals in China. Dremomys pyrrhomerus had the highest relative abundance in mammals, while Lophura nycthemera was the most abundant in birds. The activity patterns of Lophura nycthemera, Chrysolophus pictus, Paguma larvata, and Melogale moschata were highly overlapping. In contrast, there were significant differences in the daily activity rhythms of Elaphodus cephalophus and Sus scrofa, as well as between Dremomys pyrrhomerus and Petaurista petaurista. The activity rhythms of Lophura nycthemera and Dremomys pyrrhomerus varied between the rainy and dry seasons, while there was no such divergence in the activity patterns of Sus scrofa. Our results highlight the importance and necessity of continuous wildlife resource monitoring in nature reserves. The use of infrared camera technology to understand the activity rhythms of common species can significantly contribute to wildlife resource protection and management.

Key words: infrared camera, species diversity, activity rhythm, Jintongshan Region, Hunan Nanshan National Park

李旭丰, 张荣华, 聂美红, 杨盛东, 翟家正, 李松文, 周琳, 张志强. 利用红外相机技术分析湖南南山国家公园金童山片区鸟兽多样性及活动节律[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(8): 2659-2668.

LI Xufeng, ZHANG Ronghua, NIE Meihong, YANG Shengdong, ZHAI Jiazheng, LI Songwen1, ZHOU Lin, ZHANG Zhiqiang. Applying infrared camera technology to assess biodiversity and activity patterns of avian and mammalian species in the Jintongshan Region of Hunan Nanshan National Park.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(8): 2659-2668.

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利用红外相机技术分析湖南南山国家公园金童山片区鸟兽多样性及活动节律

Applying infrared camera technology to assess biodiversity and activity patterns of avian and mammalian species in the Jintongshan Region of Hunan Nanshan National Park.

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