光伏方式对夏季刺参养殖池塘环境及消化生理的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.003

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1874-1882.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.003

光伏方式对夏季刺参养殖池塘环境及消化生理的影响

郭爽¹,于正林²,侯朝伟^2,3,张文静^2,3,庞磊²,蒋童童⁴,王涵⁵,单恩翠²,袁秀堂^2*

（¹大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院，辽宁大连 116023； ²中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所，山东烟台 264003； ³中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所牟平海岸带环境综合试验站，山东烟台 264003； ⁴烟台大学，山东烟台 264005； ⁵鲁东大学，山东烟台 264025）

出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-06-06

Effects of photovoltaic types on culture pond environment and digestive physiology of Apostichopus japonicus during summer.

GUO Shuang¹, YU Zhenglin², HOU Chaowei^2,3, ZHANG Wenjing^2,3, PANG Lei², JIANG Tongtong⁴, WANG Han⁵, SHAN Encui², YUAN Xiutang^2*

(¹College of Ocean Science and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China; ²Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; ³Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China; ⁴Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China; ⁵Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China).

Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 渔-光互补是水产养殖与光伏能源融合发展的一种模式，能够满足人类的能源需求和节约土地资源，但该模式对海水养殖池塘环境及养殖生物的影响尚不明确。本研究调查了两种不同光伏方式（固定式SPV组和跟踪式TPV组）对夏季（7—9月）刺参养殖池塘生态环境及刺参消化生理的影响。结果表明：与对照池塘相比，两种光伏池塘的水面光照强度和水温均显著降低，SPV组阴影区光照强度和水温分别降低了85.3%和1.05 ℃，TPV组阴影区光照强度和水温分别降低了84.6%和0.76 ℃，而两种光伏方式对二者的影响未发现显著差异；池塘浮游植物总丰度未受光伏方式的影响，但SPV组蓝藻门丰度和TPV组甲藻门丰度显著增加，浮游动物组成和丰度均未受光伏方式的影响；除7月外，不同光伏池塘水体叶绿素a浓度未发现显著差异，表层沉积物有机质含量未受光伏方式的影响；光伏方式对刺参消化酶活性未发现显著影响；两种光伏方式均能通过遮光作用有效降低夏季池塘水温，同时未对刺参养殖池塘浮游生物组成、丰度和刺参消化生理产生明显影响，具有防止极端高温天气造成刺参大规模死亡的潜在优势。

关键词: 渔-光互补, 海参夏季死亡, 刺参, 养殖池塘, 生态效应

Abstract: Aquavoltaics represents an innovative model for integrated development that synergizes the practices of aquaculture with photovoltaic energy generation. This model can meet human energy demand and save land resources. However, its impacts on the environment of mariculture ponds and aquaculture organisms reared therein are not fully understood. We employed two distinct configurations of photovoltaic arrays \[(stationary photovoltaic (SPV group) and tracking photovoltaic (TPV group)\] to explore their influences on ecological environment and digestive physiology of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in summer (July to September). The results showed that both photovoltaic systems significantly reduced surface light intensity and water temperature in the ponds. Light intensity and water temperature were decreased by 85.3% and 1.05 ℃ in the SPV ponds, and by 84.6% and 0.76 ℃ in the TPV ponds, respectively. However, differences in light intensity and water temperature were not statistically significant between the two photovoltaic types. The total abundance of phytoplankton was not affected by the presence of photovoltaic types, though specific increases were observed in Cyanophyta in SPV ponds and Pyrrophyta in TPV ponds. The composition and abundance of zooplankton were not influenced by the PV systems. Chlorophyll a concentration showed negligible changes between the photovoltaic types, with a singular exception noted in July. Organic matter content in surface sediments and the activity of digestive enzymes in A. japonicus were stable. Both photovoltaic types can effectively reduce pond water temperatures via shading, but did not affect the composition and abundance of plankton and digestive enzymes of the cultured A. japonicus in the ponds, which has the potential advantage of preventing the mass mortality of A. japonicus caused by extreme high temperature.

Key words: aquavoltatics, sea cucumber mortality during summer, Apostichopus japonicus, culture pond, ecological effect

郭爽, 于正林, 侯朝伟, 张文静, 庞磊, 蒋童童, 王涵, 单恩翠, 袁秀堂. 光伏方式对夏季刺参养殖池塘环境及消化生理的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1874-1882.

GUO Shuang, YU Zhenglin, HOU Chaowei, ZHANG Wenjing, PANG Lei, JIANG Tongtong, WANG Han, SHAN Encui, YUAN Xiutang. Effects of photovoltaic types on culture pond environment and digestive physiology of Apostichopus japonicus during summer.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(6): 1874-1882.

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光伏方式对夏季刺参养殖池塘环境及消化生理的影响

Effects of photovoltaic types on culture pond environment and digestive physiology of Apostichopus japonicus during summer.

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