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生态学杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 1595-1603.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202307.014

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

晋北黄土丘陵沟壑区柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状特征及环境响应

闫佳兴1,2,石文凯3,韩海荣1,2*,吴会峰1,2,康峰峰1,2,程小琴1,2,胡保安1,2


  

  1. 1北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院, 北京 100083; 2内蒙古七老图山森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 内蒙古赤峰 024400; 3山西省林业和草原工程总站, 太原 030012)

  • 出版日期:2023-07-10 发布日期:2023-07-05

Leaf functional traits and their environmental responses of Caragana korshinskii in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau of northern Shanxi Province, China.
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YAN Jiaxing1,2, SHI Wenkai3, HAN Hairong1,2*, WU Huifeng1,2, KANG Fengfeng1,2, CHENG Xiaoqin1,2, HU Bao’an1,2#br#

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  1. (1School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; 2Qilaotu Mountain National Observation and Research Station of Chinese Ecosystem, Chifeng 024400, Inner Mongolia, China; 3Shanxi Forestry and Grassland Engineering Station, Taiyuan 030012, China).

  • Online:2023-07-10 Published:2023-07-05

摘要: 叶功能性状能够反映植物对外界环境的适应策略。本研究以晋北黄土丘陵沟壑区不同种植方式柠条锦鸡儿人工林(柠条锦鸡儿纯林、柠条锦鸡儿-油松混交林、柠条锦鸡儿-樟子松混交林)为对象,调查了柠条锦鸡儿叶片主要功能性状特征及环境因子,并采用单因素方差分析、简单效应分析、冗余分析探讨了柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状特征及其对环境因子的响应。结果表明:(1)不同种植方式下柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状存在显著差异,纯林中柠条锦鸡儿叶厚度、叶干物质含量显著高于混交林,比叶面积、叶磷含量显著小于混交林,其余性状在纯林与混交林间无明显变化规律。(2)柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状变异系数为1.9%~43.7%,各功能性状种内变异程度不同,总体来看,比叶面积(40.2%)、叶面积(39.8%)变异程度较大,叶干物质含量(7.9%)变异程度最低,其余功能性状较稳定。(3)环境因子和种植方式均对柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状有显著影响,种植方式通过改变林冠结构间接对叶功能性状产生影响,林冠开度(15.7%)对柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状变异解释最高,其次为土壤容重(13.6%)、全氮(10.7%)、土壤含水量(10.7%)、林下总辐射(9.2%),是影响柠条锦鸡儿叶功能性状的关键环境因子;控制柠条锦鸡儿各叶功能性状变异的主要环境因子不同。研究表明,柠条锦鸡儿通过调整比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶厚度及磷含量适应不同种植方式下的群落环境;并通过减小比叶面积,增大叶干物质含量、叶厚度来增强自身防御与养分存储能力,增强对该区域贫瘠干旱环境的适应性。植物叶功能性状会随种植方式影响的群落内环境因子变化而变化,因此进行植被恢复筛选树种时,应考虑区域环境及种植方式的影响。


关键词: 柠条锦鸡儿, 功能性状, 环境因子, 适应策略

Abstract: Leaf functional traits reflect plant adaptation strategies to the environment. In this study, Caragana korshinskii plantations under different planting patterns (C. korshinskii pure forest, C. korshinskii-Pinus tabuliformis mixed forest, C. korshinskii-Pinus sylvestris  var. mongolica mixed forest) in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau of northern Shanxi Province, China were selected as the research objects. The main leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii and environmental factors were investigated. One-way ANOVA, simple effects analysis, and redundancy analysis were used to explore the characteristics of leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii  and their responses to environmental factors. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii under different planting patterns. Leaf thickness and dry matter content in pure forest were significantly higher than those in mixed forests, while specific leaf area and foliar phosphorus content were significantly lower than those in mixed forests. There was no significant difference in other traits between the pure and mixed stands. (2) The coefficients of variation for leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii ranged from 1.9% to 43.7%, with varying degrees of intra-species variation for each functional trait. Overall, the degree of variation was greater for specific leaf area (40.2%) and leaf area (39.8%), and lower for leaf dry matter content (7.9%). The remaining functional traits were more stable. (3) Both environmental factors and planting patterns had significant effects on leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii. Planting patterns indirectly affected leaf functional traits by changing canopy structure. Canopy openness (15.7%) explained the highest variation in leaf functional traits, followed by soil bulk density (13.6%), total nitrogen content (10.7%), soil water content (10.7%), and total understory radiation (9.2%), which were the key environmental factors affecting leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii. The main environmental factors controlling the variation of each of leaf functional traits of C. korshinskii were different. Our results suggested that C. korshinskii could adapt to environment under different planting patterns by adjusting specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, and foliar phosphorus content. Moreover, C. korshinskii could enhance the defense and nutrient storage capability of leaves by adopting a smaller specific leaf area, increasing leaf dry matter content and leaf thickness, thus enhancing its adaptability to the barren and arid environment. Leaf functional traits were different due to the alteration of environmental factors within the community affected by planting patterns. Therefore, the influence of regional environment and planting pattern should be taken into account when selecting tree species for vegetation restoration.


Key words: Caragana korshinskii, functional trait, environmental factor, adaptation strategy.