关键词: 鸟类群落, α多样性, β多样性, 湿地公园

Abstract: Wetland parks are important refuges for biodiversity. Wetland birds can be used as biodiversity indicators. Understanding bird diversity and its determinants is essential for further strengthening the ecological management of wetland parks. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of bird diversity in wetland parks according to the habitat factors in each functional area. From July 2020 to June 2021, bird species, population, and habitat factors were recorded in three wetland parks alongside Chaohu Lake. The relationship between α and β diversity and habitat factors was analyzed to examine the spatial pattern and habitat characteristics of bird diversity. Overall, 157 species, 49 families, 15 orders of birds were recorded, with 57 species being waterbirds. Three species were national firstlevel key protected animals, 21 species were national secondlevel key protected animals, and 27 species were provincial key protected animals in Anhui Province. Species richness was highest in spring and winter, and lowest in summer. The Shannon diversity index was highest in summer and lowest in winter. The nestedness component of the recovery and reconstruction area was higher than the turnover component of other functional areas in Chaohu Bandao National Wetland Park and Chaohu Zhegaohe Provincial Wetland Park. The nestedness component of the ecological conservation area was higher than the turnover component of other functional areas in Chaohu Huailin Provincial Wetland Park. Results of multiple linear regression and multiple regression on similarity or dissimilarity matrices showed that the distance from woodland and construction land had significant effects on α and β diversity of bird communities as well as its nestedness and turnover components. The coverage of herbs and the distance from a water body significantly affected α diversity.

Key words: bird community, α diversity, β diversity, wetland park.