景观湖不同水生植被区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202206.017

生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 1762-1768.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202206.017

景观湖不同水生植被区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

李滔,陈如,王海艳,毛文静,刘章勇,杨军^*

（长江大学农学院，长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心，湖北荆州 434025）

出版日期:2022-09-10 发布日期:2022-09-05

Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in different vegetation zones of a landscape lake.

LI Tao, CHEN Ru, WANG Hai-yan, MAO Wen-jing, LIU Zhang-yong, YANG Jun^*

(College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China).

Online:2022-09-10 Published:2022-09-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2019年7月（丰水期）、2019年10月（平水期）和2020年1月（枯水期）对某景观湖生长睡莲（Nt）、菹草（Pc）、荷花（Nn）3种不同水生植被区的浮游植物群落进行了调查，研究了不同水生植被区浮游植物群落的时空变化特征及其与环境影响因子的关系。结果表明：Nt、Pc和Nn区分别鉴定出浮游植物41、46和35种，其中绿藻门种类数最多，分别占各植被区种类数的39.02%、36.96%和34.29%；Nt、Pc和Nn浮游植物丰度的变化范围分别为(0.59~16.06)×10⁷、(0.59~8.83)×10⁷和(0.20~1.79)×10⁷ cells·L^-1；Nt区和Pc区浮游植物丰度均表现为丰水期>平水期>枯水期，而Nn区表现为丰水期>枯水期>平水期；小球藻属（Chlorella sp.）、伪鱼腥藻属（Pseudanabaena sp.）和卵形隐藻（Cryptomonas ovata）为各植被区的常见优势种；各植被区Pielou指数和Shannon指数变化范围分别为0.77~0.86和2.08~2.86，表明景观湖水质整体介于轻污染到中污染；空间维度上，影响Nt和Nn区浮游植物丰度的主要环境因子为溶解氧和总氮，而Pc区浮游植物丰度主要受水温和总氮的影响；时间维度上，丰水期影响各植被区浮游植物丰度的主要环境因子为总氮，枯水期则转变为溶解氧。因此，水文期更替和水生植被类型等因素的综合作用是造成各植被区浮游植物群落结构差异的主要原因。

关键词: 浮游植物, 群落结构, 水生植被, 景观湖

Abstract: We investigated the phytoplankton community of three aquatic vegetation zones in a landscape lake in July 2019 (wet season), October 2019 (normal season), and January 2020 (dry season). The three vegetation zones included Nymphaea tetragona (Nt), Potamogeton crispus (Pc), and Nelumbo nucifera (Nn). We analyzed the spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton communities and their relationship with environmental factors. The results showed that a total of 41, 46 and 35 phytoplankton species were identified in Nt, Pc and Nn zones, respectively. Most species were belonged to Chlorophyta in three vegetation zones, which accounted for 39.02%, 36.96% and 34.29% of total species number in Nt, Pc and Nn zones, respectively. During the sampling period, the abundance of phytoplankton in Nt, Pc, and Nn zones were (0.59-16.06)×10⁷, (0.59-8.83)×10⁷, and (0.20-1.79)×10⁷cells·L^-1, respectively. Phytoplankton abundance in Nt and Pc zones followed the order of wet season > normal season > dry season, while Nn zone followed the order of wet season > dry season > normal season. Chlorella sp., Pseudanabaena sp. and Cryptomonas ovata were the most dominant species in each vegetation zone. The Pielou index and Shannon index in three vegetation zones were 0.77-0.86 and 2.08-2.86, respectively, indicating that water quality of the landscape lake belonged to low to medium pollution. Spatially, the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton abundance in Nt and Nn zones were dissolved oxygen and total nitrogen, while Pc zone was mainly affected by water temperature and total nitrogen. Temporally, the main environmental factor affecting phytoplankton abundance in wet season was total nitrogen, which was changed to dissolved oxygen in dry season. Therefore, the alternation of hydrological periods and vegetation types were the main factors influencing phytoplankton community structure in the three vegetation zones.

Key words: phytoplankton, community structure, aquatic vegetation, landscape lake.

李滔, 陈如, 王海艳, 毛文静, 刘章勇, 杨军. 景观湖不同水生植被区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系[J]. 生态学杂志, 2022, 41(9): 1762-1768.

LI Tao, CHEN Ru, WANG Hai-yan, MAO Wen-jing, LIU Zhang-yong, YANG Jun. Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in different vegetation zones of a landscape lake.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2022, 41(9): 1762-1768.

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景观湖不同水生植被区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

Phytoplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in different vegetation zones of a landscape lake.

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