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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 3512-3522.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202111.022

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

油松飞播林灌木层主要物种种间联结及其环境解释

陈佳卉,卜元坤,苏少峰,黄维,陈周娟,李卫忠*   

  1. （西北农林科技大学林学院， 陕西杨凌 712100）
  • 出版日期:2021-11-10 发布日期:2022-05-10

Interspecific association of main species in shrub layer of Pinus tabuliformis aerial seeding forest and the environmental interpretation.

CHEN Jia-hui, BU Yuan-kun, SU Shao-feng, HUANG Wei, CHEN Zhou-juan, LI Wei-zhong*   

  1. The interspecific association and niche characteristics of species reflect the utilization of resources and the horizontal spatial configurations of species, which is fundamental for understanding community structure and distribution. In this study, we used quadrat-sampling method to investigate the shrub communities of 150 quadrats in 30 plots of aerial-seeding Pinus tabuliformis forest in Danfeng County, Shaanxi. We examined the interspecific associations based on the variance ratio (VR), χ2 test, and association coefficient (AC), explored the relationship between environmental factors and species distribution using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), and analyzed the structure and distribution characteristics of the shrub community. The results showed that: (1) The niche overlap of main species in the shrub layer was generally low, and the interspecific competition was not strong. The species with larger importance values and niche width were Spiraea cantoniensis,Lespedeza bicolor, and Spiraea salicifolia.  (2) The overall association of main species in the shrub layer was significantly positive (P<0.05). The positive and negative correlation ratios of the χ2 test and association coefficient (AC) were 1.47 and 1.87, respectively. The community structure tended to be stable. The χ2 test results showed that the significant ratios of positive and negative associations were 4.3% and 0.9%, respectively. Thedegree of association between species pairs was small, tending to be distributed independently. (3) The distribution of main species in the shrub layer was greatly affected by elevation, aspect, slope, and the thickness of litter layer. To maintain and improve the stability of shrub community, the structure of shrub layer should be adjusted according to interspecific association, niche characteristics, and environmental factors in forest management.
  • Online:2021-11-10 Published:2022-05-10

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摘要： 物种的种间联结和生态位特征反映了物种的资源利用及水平空间配置情况，是了解群落结构和分布的重要基础。本研究采用样方法，调查了陕西丹凤县流岭油松（Pinus tabuliformis）飞播林区30个样地内150个样方的灌木群落，并基于方差比率法、卡方检验和联结系数研究了物种种间联结，采用典范对应分析探讨环境因子与物种分布的关系，揭示了油松飞播林灌木群落的结构和分布特征。结果表明：（1）灌木层主要物种的生态位重叠程度总体较低，种间竞争不激烈；重要值和生态位宽度较大的物种为麻叶绣线菊（Spiraea cantoniensis）、胡枝子（Lespedeza bicolor）、绣线菊（Spiraea salicifolia）。（2）灌木层主要物种总体联结性呈显著正联结（P<0.05），卡方检验和联结系数的正负关联比分别为1.47和1.87，群落结构趋于稳定；卡方检验的正负联结显著率分别为4.3%和0.9%，种对间联结性较弱，趋于独立分布。（3）灌木层主要物种分布受海拔、坡向、坡度、枯落物厚度影响较大。在今后的森林经营活动中，可根据灌木种间联结规律、生态位特征以及影响物种分布的环境因子调控灌木配置，维持和提升灌木群落的稳定性。

关键词: 生态位, 种间关联, 联结系数, 典范对应分析

Abstract: niche|interspecific association| association coefficient| canonical correspondence analysis (CCA).

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