关键词: 动植物互作, 种子传播, 鸟类形态特征, 鸟类行为特征

Abstract: Seed dispersal is one of the key processes in plant regeneration as it determines the potential area for recruitment. Birds are recognized as one of the most important vectors for seed dispersal. Although numerous studies have focused on the roles of bird morphological and beha vioral traits in seed dispersal, few studies have reviewed and summarized these findings. Here, we reviewed current literature on the effects of bird morphological and behavioral traits on seed dispersal, including seed removal, seed dispersal distance, seed deposition and recruitment, to provide a reference for the research of plant-animal relationship based on seed dispersal. Both gape size and body size of birds determined the quantity of seed foraging and removal. However, food selection by birds always shapes seed removal pattern of plant species in disturbed habitats. For seed dispersal distance, long dispersal distance is significantly affected by body size, ability of habitat adaptation, and residence type of birds. Furthermore, post-foraging habitat selection by birds determines the pattern of seed deposition and consequently affects seedling recruitment. Future studies should focus on how bird traits affect seed dispersal of endangered plant species and the regeneration of forest community, which could help us explore the function of birds in the ecosystem, and supply a new approach on the theory of mutualistic network and ecosystem restoration. Moreover, future researches should incorporate new techniques including infrared camera and unmanned air vehicle to examine the effects of frugivore (birds, rodents, primates and etc.) traits on seed dispersal.

Key words: plant-animal interaction, seed dispersal, bird morphological trait, bird behavioral trait.