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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 2887-2895.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202009.017

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林乔木物种组成和多样性

罗也1,2,及利1,2,杨雨春1,2*,王君1,2,何怀江1,2,张丽杰3,祁永会4   

  1. (1吉林省林业科学研究院, 长春 130033; 2吉林省退化森林生态系统恢复与重建跨区域合作科技创新中心, 长春 130033;3沈阳农业大学, 沈阳 110866;4黑龙江省林业科学研究所, 哈尔滨 150081)
  • 出版日期:2020-09-10 发布日期:2021-03-10

Tree species composition and diversity of secondary mixed forests of Juglans mandshurica in Northeast China.

LUO Ye1,2, JI Li1,2, YANG Yu-chun1,2*, WANG Jun1,2, HE Huai-jiang1,2, ZHANG Li-jie3, QI Yong-hui4   

  1. (1Jilin Province Academy of Forestry Science, Changchun 130033, China; 2Interregional Cooperation Science and Technology Innovation Center for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Forest Ecosystem in Jilin Province, Changchun 130033, China; 3Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; 4Forestry Research Institute of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150081, China)
  • Online:2020-09-10 Published:2021-03-10

摘要: 为了解东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林乔木树种组成和多样性,在黑龙江、吉林和辽宁三省中东部23个胡桃楸典型分布区内,设置123块面积0.1 hm2圆形样地,对样地内DBH≥5 cm乔木树种的物种组成、区系特征、重要值、丰富度和多样性等进行调查与分析。结果表明:东北地区胡桃楸次生混交林内共调查到乔木物种48种,隶属于17科,31属,其中黑龙江省30种,隶属于14科,21属;吉林省37种,隶属于14科,25属;辽宁省35种,隶属于16科,25属。物种主要以北温带分布区类型为主,不同区域物种数量随纬度升高呈先增加后减少趋势,随海拔升高呈先增加后减少趋势,在海拔300~700 m物种数量最为丰富。3个地区调查样地内重要值排在前6的共有树种是胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、春榆(Ulmus pumila)、色木槭(Acer mono)、蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)和水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica),非共有树种为红松(Pinus koraiensis)(黑龙江)、紫椴(Tilia amurensis)(吉林)和花曲柳(Fraxinus rhynchophylla)(辽宁)。调查样地内多样性表现均较高,除Shannon多样性指数在吉林省显著高于黑龙江省和辽宁省外(P<0.05),Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数三省之间均无显著性差异,且三省群落之间均表现为中等相似。本研究可为深入了解东北中东部地区胡桃楸次生混交林物种多样性和森林经营提供基础。

关键词: 胡桃楸, 次生混交林, 物种组成, 物种多样性

Abstract: To explore tree species composition and diversity of secondary mixed forests of Juglans mandshurica in Northeast China, a total of 123 plots with a size of 0.1 hm2 each were set up in 23 typical distribution sites in the central and eastern regions of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces. We investigated species composition, flora characteristics, importance values, richness and diversity of tree species (DBH≥5 cm). A total of 48 tree species were recorded, belonging to 17 families and 31 genera. 30 species were recorded in Heilongjiang Province, belonging to 14 families and 21 genera. 37 species were recorded in Jilin Province, belonging to 14 families and 25 genera. 35 species were recorded in Liaoning Province, belonging to 16 families and 25 genera. Tree species in these plots  mainly belonged to the flora of North Temperate Zone type. Tree species richness showed a hump pattern with increasing latitude and elevation across different provinces. Tree species richness was most abundant between 300-700 m elevation. The common tree species with the top six importance values wereJ. mandshurica, Ulmus pumila, Acer mono, Quercus mongolica, and Fraxinus mandshurica in the plots among the three provinces. The non-common tree species were Pinus koraiensis (Heilongjiang), Tilia amurensis (Jilin), and Fraxinus rhynchophylla (Liaoning). The diversity indices in the plots were high. Shannon diversity index in Jilin was significantly higher than in Heilongjiang and Liaoning (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index among the three provinces. Tree communities shared moderate similarity among the three provinces. Our results can provide a basis for better understanding of species diversity and for forest management of the secondary mixed forests of J. mandshurica in the central and eastern regions in Northeast China.

Key words: Juglans mandshurica, secondary mixed forest, species composition, species diversity.