Table of Content

10 June 1993, Volume 12 Issue 03

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Climatic and Hydrological Effects of Evergreen Broad-leaved and Artificial Chinese Fir Forests in LiluoForested Region

Huang Chengbiao, Wen Shouchun

1993, (3):  1-7. 

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Site investigations and researches in 1980-1990 show that evergreen broad-leaved and artificial Chinesefir forests in Liluo forested region can reduce the variation range of atmospheric and soil temperature,de-crease physical evaporation, intercept precipitation and redistribute it,reduce surface runoff, prevent soilerosiOn and conserve water supply.

Soil Fertility Variations Under Artificial Larch Forest

Yan Deren

1993, (3):  8-10. 

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This paper studies the variation of soil fertility under pure artificial larch(Larix gmelinii) forest from as-pects of soil humus and enzyme activity. With increasing age of forest stand, soil fertility tends to de-crease, but soil enzyme activity tends to increase. Under forest with 20 years of age, the contents of soilhumus, humic acid and fulvic acid and the ratio of humic acid to fulvic acid are lowered, indicating thepoor decomposition of forest litters. Grey connectivity analysis and thorough analysis show that the orderof enzvme activities which directly affect soil organic matter dynamics are different under different ages offorest stand.

Soil Microbcs at Dinghushan Natural Reserve and Their Adaptability to Acidity

Ge Rongsheng

1993, (3):  11-18. 

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This paper discusses the microflorae in soils under different forest types at Dinghusan natural reserve and their adaptability to acidity：1.Under mixed forest,ammonifying Bacteria,cellulose-decomposing bacteria and Oligonitrophiles are dominant；under broadleaved forest,ceIlulose-decomposing fungi are more；and little difference can be found for anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria under different forests. 2.Though the soil at Dinghusan natural reserve are strongly acidic,bacteria are more adaptative to neutral enviroiiment,and only fungi can adapt to strongly acid environment.

Biological Properties and Habitat Characteristics of Lycopodiaceae

Ye Maozhong, Ye Shengru

1993, (3):  19-22. 

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Site investigations show that the growth and development of Lycopodiaceae exhibit obvious hydrotropismand geotropism, and its distribution aggregately concentrates on the sides of vaIley 300-1400m above sealevel and brook banks. wherever it is distributed, the habitat is characterized by warm and humid atmo-sphere, abundant sunshine, fertile soil, good drainage and medium or lower slopes.

Ecological EIimination of Snail (Oncomelania)by Rctaining Water in Blood Fluke(Schistosoma)Suscepti-ble Regions Around Dongting Lake

Zhang Yuanpei, Zhu Nanbing

1993, (3):  23-25. 

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In blood fluke(Schistosoma) susceptible regions of the lake beach,experiments of water inundated elimi-nating snail(Oncomelania) are carried out by building low dikes for retaining water. The results show that mortalities of living snail and snail eggs are 100% when they are inundated in water for 11-22 months.

A Study on Infiltrated-Ridged Paddy Soil Ecosystem

Wei Chaofu, Gao Ming, Che Fuchai, Deng Chun

1993, (3):  26-30. 

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This paper deals wich an infiltrated-ridged paddy soil ecosystem which is constructed by ridging and con-tinuous furrow infiItratiOn irrigation, Comparing with level infiItrated paddy soil ecosystem, this ecosys-tem has coexisted gas-liquid,gas-solid and liquid-solid interfaces,enlarges soil surface by 38%and increases cuItivated layer by 5-10cm. InfiItrated-ridged paddy soil can absorb more solar radiation, its thermal conductivity is obviously increased, thermal capacity decreased,diurnal variatiOn of temperature enlarged,temperature-increasing effect more significant.and heat exchange within soil and between soil and near-landsurface is more frequent.Because of these,soil microbial activity is intensified,which re-sults in an accelerated turnover of soil organic matter and nutrient metabOlism. Higher yield of rice has been obtained f

Multiple-Level Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation on Hydrological Functions of Vegetations on the Qilian Mountains

Che Kejun, Fu Huien

1993, (3):  31-35. 

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By means of muItiple-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation,the hydrological functions of four vegetation types are analyzed.Picea crassifolia forest is shown to be the best type for water conservation on Qilian mountains,Sabina przewlskii forest and shrubbery are the second and grazing grassland is the most inef-ficient for water and soil conservation, Countermeasures for ratiOnal management of various vegetation types are posed to protect,exploit and comprehensively utilize water-conserving forests on Qilian mountains.

Ecological Study on Attachment and Metamorphosis of Marine Planktonic Larvae

Zheng Zhong

1993, (3):  36-38. 

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This paper gives a brief account on the ecological study of attachment and metamorphosis of marine planktonic larvae. After the termination of planktonic life, the larvae will settle down on various solid substrata(rock, stone,wood,algae, etc.)and start sedentary life. It is revealed that the larvae are capa-ble of selecting suitable substrata for attachment, but its mechanism remains unknown. However, the role of certain physiological and chemical agents is suspected.As for the ecology of metamorphosis which follows immediately after attachment.it involves the change of organs(such as locomotor organ) and behavior,so as to perform the sessile or crawling way of life. Certain environmental factors(light, temperature, chemical. food. substratum etc.)and internal factors(such as hormone) affecting attachment and metamorphOsis are dealt with in the paper.The writer is of the opinion that the future research should pay greater attention to the physiological study and aquaculture of planktonic larvae so as to increase yield of marine fisheries for human consumption.

Forest Wild Biospecies Diversity and Its Preservation in China

Chen Binghao

1993, (3):  39-43. 

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This paper expounded the meaning of preserving forest wild biospecies diversity ,analyzed the basic char-acteristics of biospecies diversity in China, its present situation and existing problems in preservation work,and put forward some countermeasures related to the preservation of forest wild biospecies.

Developlnent and Utilization of Sandland from Ecological Vicw

Jiang Fengqi Zhu Jiaojun

1993, (3):  44-46. 

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With the natural resource deficient and population increment,it is imperative to develop and utilize sand.1and resource. However,sandland is the frailest link in the whole terrestrial ecosystem. In this paper,the desertification control model and the necexsity and possibility of sandland resources are expounded from ecoloflical view.

Correlation Analysis on Grain Production ,Soil Erosion and Soil and Watre Conservation in Loess Plateau

Huang Zanbin, Zhang Ximei

1993, (3):  47-52. 

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This paper analyses the mutual influence between grain production and soil erosion in the loess Plateau.It is found that grain productivity is negatively correlated with the percentage of soil erosion area in total area of farmland,and positiveVcorrelated with basic farmland construction. Soil and water conservation is an important guarantee for raising grain yield.In present production,steep slope farming must be abso-lutely banned and farmland basic construction must be strengthened. Soil and water conservating, arid cultivation,stereoscopic farming and runoff agricultural techniques are all recommendable.

Effects of Temperature on English Grain Aphid

Wang Shize, Hao Shuguang

1993, (3):  53-56. 

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In an experimental population of English grain aphid, the development rate V(t) of alatae is lower thanthat of apterae, and the V(t)of 4th instar of alatae is the Iowest. The alatae appears to be able to toler-ate a wider range of temperature,but the survival curve is affected evidently by it. At low temperature,the curve declines slowly, but at high temperature, the curve declines abruptly. The expected farTowingrate with age may be modeled by modified normal distribution. At high temperature, the peak of curvecomes early,there is a higher rate of farrowing,and reproductive period is shortened.

Slope-wall Effect" in Diminishing Snowfall Freeze Injury of Citrus sinensis var. sekkan

Zhang Mingfu

1993, (3):  57-58. 

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"Slope-wall effect" has a significant role in diminishing snowfall freeze injury of Citrus sinensis var. sekkan planted on terraced mountainous fields with a definite degree of slope-wall.Investigations show that freeze injury starts to be diminished on fields with a 53.8皁f slope-waIl and is diminished signifi-cantly on those with a 80.6皁f slope-wall. Minimum freeze injury can be found on fields with a 86.1? of sIope-wall,but on fields with a 35.6皁f slope-wall,the freeze injury is nearly the same as control. Understanding and applying "slope-waIl effect" theory has a positive meaning in defensing and fighting freeze injury of Citrus planted On mountainous fields.

Qualitative Evaluation of Urban Eco-environment of Tieling Municipality

Li Xinsheng

1993, (3):  59-62. 

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Using ecological niche theory,this paper comprehensively evaluates the urban eco-environment of Tiel-ing municipality from aspects of ecological, productive,living and environmental niches.

Ecological Agriculture：A Positive Analysis of the Spreading of Its Ideology

Li Ji

1993, (3):  63-67. 

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his paper reviews the overall histories of ecological agriculture in China in the last 10 years, including its features,researches and practices,and gives some discussions,conclusions and perspectives of its develop-mental trend.

Spiritual Value of Ecology

Chen Qingshuo

1993, (3):  68-72. 

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This paper describes the functions of ecology in the progress of social ideology and civilization. Ecology helps bring into being the construction of a scientific world outlook and increase the ecological conscious-ness of mankind.It also supplies a total developmental point of view for the society and provides a great aesthetic value. The spiritual value of ecology should never be neglected.

Ecological Agriculture in Tibet

Liu Mingyun, Wang Deting

1993, (3):  73-75. 

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In this paper,four basic principles concerning the conservation of ecological agricuIture in Tibet are put forward and some characteristics and operated agrotechniques of Tibe's ecological agricuIture are summa-rized.Based on these,agro-ecosystems in Tibet are classified into two groups,i.e. ,temperate-humid forestry-agriculture.animal husbandry combined ecosystem and arid-semiarid cold pasture agriculture -animal husbandry combined ecosystem.