Table of Content

10 October 1990, Volume 9 Issue 05

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Study on the Protein Producing Efficiency and Population Carrying Capacity of Agroecosystem in Miyun County of Beijing Suburb

Hu Chunsheng, Han Chunru

1990, (5):  1-3. 

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This paper gives a series of parameters about the protein productivity and resource transformation efficiency in the agroecosystem of Miyun county,approaches the population carryingcapacity of this system under various food structures,and based on these,puts forward suggestions on the establishment of an appropriate consumption system with a food diet dominated by vegetable proteins and on the ways for further improvement of the system.

Ecological Conditions for the Sprouting of Axillary Bud of Ratooning Rice

Fang Wen, Xiong Hong, Yao Wenli

1990, (5):  4-9. 

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This paper indicates:(1)The extension of axillary bud of vagina has a close relationshipwith light intensity before harvest.(2)The sprouting of axillary bud has a significant correlation with diurnal mean temperature and humidity after harvest.(3)The number of sprouting seedlings of axillary bud shows a significant positive correlation with the number ofeffective ears of ratooning rice.The amour of sprouting seedlings is the main limiting factorfor the unstable yield of ratooning rice between years and regions.

Effect of Temperature on the Growth of Coleosoma octomaculatum Experimental Population

Sun Linshui, Zhao Jingzhao, Yu Keqing

1990, (5):  10-13,18. 

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The development duration and survival ratio of Coleosoma octomaculatum under 6 differenttemperatures are determined.Its development rate coordinates with Logistic curve.The mini-mum temperature for development in egg and spiderling stages is calculated as 9.76℃ and9.26℃ respectively.The relationship between survival ratio and temperature coordinates withporabola curve,with the highest generation survival ratio of 78.2% at 29℃.Based on abovedata,a life table of C. octomaculatum experimental population is established,which showsthat the growth index of the population is the highest at 23℃.

Litter Decomposition Rate and Nutrient Dynamics in Man-Made Korean Pine Forest

Zhang Fang, Tan Xueren, Shi Fengyou

1990, (5):  14-18. 

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Dry matter weight and nutrient content are measured for 4 groups of needles and branchesof Korean pine.It is showed that fresh needles decompose more quickly than dead needles.The C/N ratio of branch changes slightly after 30 months of decomposition.Calculated nut-rients provided by medium intensity pruning of the 15 years man-made Korean pine forestare:N 21.0kg穐a^-1,P 2.7kg穐a^-1,K 6.8kg穐a^-1,Mg 2.6kg穐a^-1.The annual litterfallamount is 6.65t穐a^-1,which contains N 2.14kg穐a^-1,P 4.1kg穐a^-1,K 8.1kg穐a^-1 and Mg15.9kg穐a^-1.These are undiscountable nutrient sources for the forest floor.

Difference of Stomatal Conductance Between Two Sides of Wheat and Corn Leaves and Its Relation with Environmental Factors

Lu Zhenmin

1990, (5):  19-21,25. 

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Field experiment shows:1.Large difference can be found in the stomatal conductance bet-ween two sides of corn and wheat leaves.The adaxial side of wheat leaves has a largerStomatal conductance,but the abaxial side of corn leaves does.2.The abaxial stomata ofwheat leaves is more sensitive to the environmental variations,whereas the adaxial stomataof corn leaves is.3.When sufficient soil water supply is available,the ratio of stomatalconductance between two sides of wheat leaves is constant (about 1.50),but changes greatlyfor corn leaves.

Analysis on the Dynamic Features of the Growth of Satsuma Orange Fruit and Their Influencial Factors

Ye Meide, Wang Duo

1990, (5):  22-25. 

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This paper applies the parallel observational data of fruit growth and environment in 1986and 1987 to simulate the growth dynamics of Satsuma orange fruit in Jinhua-Quzhou Basin,which is found to coincide with the power function curve:y=at^b.By adding environmentalfactors for amendment,the dynamic simulation effect with close approximation to actual mea-surement is obtained.Dominant factors influencing the growth rate of Satsuma crange fruitare temperature and moisture.Analysis are also given for the artificial impactions of earlypicking on the growth dynamic features and yields of Satsuma orange fruit.

A Simulation Model of Cotton Aphid Population

Zhang Wenjun, Wang Shize

1990, (5):  26-28,35. 

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Based on the growth features of aphid population and mathematical principles,a simulationmodel is deduced as.N(t)=(Sβ3/r)(t-α)^β-1.exp[-(t-α)^β/r].Where:N(t)is the popula-tion density at t time;S is the total number of aphid population;α is the earliest day thepopulation emerges;β is the parameter of curve form,describing curve type;r is the relativegrowth rate.There are two turning points in the curve,showing an interval between prosperity and decline of population.After testing on real data,this extended Weibull model isproved practisible in IPM computers.

Mouse Infestation on Artificial Regeneration and Afforestation in Burned Areas of Northern Great Xingan Mountains

Zhuang Kaixun, Mei Hongjun, Chen Xin

1990, (5):  29-31. 

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After a catastrophic forest fire,the ecological change of mouse populations is not significantin short time,but is more obvious than in the case of forest cutting.The quantity of Cleth-rionomys rutilus reduces significantly after the forest fire in original larch forests,whereasthe quantity of C. rufocanus increases significantly.This causes severe mouse infestations inthe burned area,hindering the artificial regeneration and afforestation.The harmed rate offorest trees by mouse is 17.41?0.25%(p>0.95).According to the investigations,mouseinfestations are resulted from the compound interactions of population quantitative variationsand food.

Single Factor Simulation Experiment for Stemflow and Its Analysis

Fan Shixiang, Pei Tiefan, Han Shaowen

1990, (5):  32-35. 

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Single factor simulation experiments are made for dominant factors influencing stemflow.Itis showed that stemflow is closely related with rainfall,aridity of tree leaf,branch anglesand leaf area index.Rainfall is the most decisive factor for stemflow.The effect of rainintensity on stemflow is not obvious compared with other factors.

Reproductive Capacity of Crustacea in Relation to the Environment, I. Cladocera

Zheng Zhong

1990, (5):  36-41. 

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A brief review is given on the reproductive capacity of Cladocera in relation to environment,with emphasis on the effect of external factors such as temperature and food.In general,lower temperature and richer food are favorable for the high production of eggs or young.Asto internal factors,age is the most important factor affecting reproductive capacity.Fecundityor fertility is directly proportional to age by the period of maximum egg production and decreases at later instars when the metabolic rate declines.In the future,more attentions shouldbe paid to the effect of internal factors such as gene,hormone,metabolism,etc.,so as tounravel the physiological mechanism underlying the reproductive capacity.

Gravitation Ecology and Productivity of Farmland Ecosystem

Wang Jianjiang, Yun Zhengming

1990, (5):  42-45. 

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Gravitation ecology is a new research field developed in the recent two years:This paper attemptsto explain the effects of gravitation ecology on the productivity of farmland ecosystem by analysisof the dynamic variations in environmental factors and productivity of farmland ecosystem alongthe east-west section of the Haihe River(from Taihang Mountain to the gulf of Bohai Sea).Itaims to help for the overall management of farmland ecosystem and regional agricultural development.

Environmental Stress and Biological Defence Reactions

Wu Ya, Jin Cuixia

1990, (5):  46-49,55. 

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Living organisms are never rid of various environmental stresses suriounding them.The keyfor the survival or lose of their populations lies in whether they are able to use their own defence mechanisms to overcome the stress.There are many influencing factors involved,suchas previous living conditions,stress index,air pollution etc.It is approved that Glutathioneis a compound inside organism body for defence,which can be taken as an indicator of environmental stresses.The biological defence theory needs great amount of research works forits completion.

Approach on the Application of Diversity Index Formulae to Bird Community

Zhang Minghai, Xiao Qianzhu, Gao Zhongxin

1990, (5):  50-55. 

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Mathematical analysis of the field observation data collected from 4 kind of bird habitatsgives the following conclusions:(1)There are differences in applying effectiveness of variousdiversity index formulae (Type A and B).In general,the effectiveness is equal or similaramong the same type of formulae.(2)Within the two,type B is more suitable for determining the diversity of bird community,especially Pielou's Formula (Formula 4 and 5),which estimates the diversity of bird community more objectively and more comprehensively.(3)The Jacknifing method,which is used to estimate the diversity index is suitable forbird community research.It is beneficial to give the confidence interval and reduce deviationfor diversity.

Effect of Root Secretion of Water-hyacinth on Several Bacteria

Zheng Shizhang, He Min

1990, (5):  56-57. 

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The root secretion of water-hyacinth has different effects on different bacteria.It inhibits the growth of Slaphylococcus aureus,but promotes the growth of Sarcina lutea.Its effect on someother bacteria is not obvious.

Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on the Growth and Yield of Soybean and Peanut

Chen Ruizhang, Peng Guiying, Huang Fuxiang

1990, (5):  58-60. 

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Experiments are made on soybean and peanut plants,using simulated acid rain with different pH values.The perceptable injury,plant height,leaf area,dry matter,chlorophyll content,membrane eonductance of leaf cell and other productive parameters are measured undervarious acid rain conditions.Their acidity thresholds are also determined.Acid rains affectthe above parameters to various degrees,but an acid rain of pH 3.5 has some promotiveeffects on the dry matter weight per plant and economic yield of peanut.

A Research Method for Species Diversity of Plant in Seasonal Tropical Rainforests in Xishuangbanna

Guo Ling, Xu Zhaifu

1990, (5):  61-62,60. 

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Shannon-Wiener diversity index is used in the species diversity research for 3 forest communities in Xishuangbanna.Its effectiveness for seasonal tropical rainforests is tested at thefirst time.This index of seasonal tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna is about 5.500.The species diversity increases from seasonal dry to seasonal humid tropical rainforests.Shannon-Wiener diversity index is proved to be suitable for the communities of seasonal tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna.

Contradictions and Their Countermeasures for Rapid Population Growth and Land Reduction in Yunyang County of Sichuan Province

Tang Zicheng, Zhou Houfa, Liu Guangming, Liu Chuan

1990, (5):  63-65. 

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This paper details about the present situations of population and land in Yunyang county ofSichuan province.Because of the rapid population growth and land reduction,problems arousefor grain production,ecological envircnment and development of rural economy.Some counter-measures are suggested for dealing with the population and land problems.