Table of Content

10 June 1988, Volume 7 Issue 03

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Optimization of the Structure of Farm Ecosystem

Wang Zhaoqian, Wang Tiangen

1988, (3):  1-6. 

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Based on more than 2 years' investigation in a fixed farm ecosystem, lincar program models for each stage of the evolution of farm ceosystcms, i.e., Grain-Mulberry (G-M) Grain-Mulberry-Fish (G-M-F)——Grain-Mulberry-Fish-Rabbit (G-M-F-R), were established According to the solution to the models, calculation of shadow prices fensibility analysis of improving major constraints and simulation of the effect of improved ranges of constraints on the function of whole ecosystem, optimized designs were proposed and good results were achieved after their applying to the farms.

Evaluation on the Efficiency of Shrubs in Shelter-forest Systems in "Three Norths"

Jiang Fengqi, Yang Ruiying, Lin Heming

1988, (3):  7-11,49. 

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Shrubs are widely distributed in "Three Norths" of China, being the important component of shelter-forest systems. Based on the investigations and analyses of distribution, growing status, biomass, main nutrient in leaves and calorific value of 10 or so species of shrubs in Wulanaodu experimental area (which locates in the western end of Keerxing desert), quantitative evaluations of the efficiencies of shrubs for shelter, forage, fuel and weave are made in this paper.

A Preliminary Study on the Structure of Soil Animal Communities in Agroecosystems on the Southern Side of the ChangJiang River

Wang Zongying, Lu Youcheng

1988, (3):  12-17,40. 

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Soil animal communitics were investigated in 8 ecotypes. In various ecotypes, the numbers of individuals and species were changed with space and time, which indicates that land utilization type, cropping system, fertilization and insecticides etc. give a complex effect on the structure of soil animal community.

An Investigation Report on the Resources and Using of the Landscape Ground Cover Plants in Chongqing

Tan Jiqing, Li Qingming, Wang Shiyu, Yang Changxu

1988, (3):  18-20,24. 

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Chongqing is a mountain city. It is warm and moist, and lands are fertile. Investigations in 1983—84 showed that the resources of landscape ground cover are abundant, among which, 429 species belonging to 278 genera and 86 families are common. Parts of them are recommended for lawn and afforestation to non-open-air soils and improve ecological environment.

Breeding of Blood Clam and Dynamics of its Population in Leqing Bay

Hong Xiaokuo

1988, (3):  21-24. 

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The breeding period of blood clam in the Leqing bay was between June and August. The breeding of blood clam was closely related to the breeding type of their parents and environmental conditions in the bay area. The blood clam population was controlled by the ratio of breeding to fishing. To increase the population of the blood clam in the bay it is considered important to well breed the parent clam, to close the beach to facilitate clam breeding and protect the environment in the bay area.

Effects of Agricultural Chemicals on Farmland Ecosystem(Ⅰ)

Zhang Zhongbing

1988, (3):  25-29. 

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This paper summarized the direct and indirect influences of agricultural chemicals application on the organisms in farmland ecosystem. Agricultural chemicals could change the composition of biotic populations and communities, reduce diversities of biotic phases,and produce indirect influences on plants, microorganisms and non-target animals. Ten aspects of influences of insecticide on farmland ecosystem were summarized in the paper.

Macroscopic Study on Townlet Water Pollution Ecology——with Shongling Town of Wujiang County as an Example

Zhao Yinwei

1988, (3):  30-35. 

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Based on investigations of water-bodies in Songling town of Wujiang county, the relationship between major hydrological characters and water pollution, the self-purification potential of water-bodies and the impacts of water pollution on aquatic organisms and human population were discussed. Ecological evaluations of water-bodies in dense population town were made and policies for ecological amelioration were suggested.

An Elemental y Analysis on the Ecological Environment of Agricultural and pastoral Areas of Xinjiang and Its Management

Sun Wanzhong, Feng Shusheng

1988, (3):  36-40. 

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Xinjiang is located in arid-deserted area. Owing to the shortage of water and bioresources, the fragility of ecological balance and the long-term unreasonable artificial activity, the environment is getting worse and worse, which is displayed mainly as follows: 1. The consuming amount of forest resource in mountain area is 2-13% larger than its growing amount. 2. The euphrates poplar in Tarim Basin is decreased 46.9%. 3. The area of deserted lands is enlarged. 4. Natural grassland is degraded, and the grass yield is decreased 20—40%. 5. Soil fertility is decreased, and the area of secondary salinization is enlarged to 34% of cultivated area. Main counter-measures for these are improving the establishment of oase and protecting the desert vegetations and natural forests.

Application of Catastrophe theory in Interspecies Ecology

Wang Haibo, Jin sha

1988, (3):  41-45. 

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This paper provides an introduction to catastrophe theory and defines the principal conditions required for its application. The basic properties of bimodality, discontinuity, hysteresis, and divergence are defined and illustrated using the simplest structures of the theory. In this raper, catastrophe theory is applied in the interspecies ecosystem of aphid and broadbean. With only a minimun of general descriptive information about the aphid system, a qualitative catastrophe theory model is hypothesized. This model is rich in its ability to provide predictions and insight about the global behavior of the system.

Some Humane Ecological Characteristics in Less Developed Areas

Chen Qingshuo

1988, (3):  46-49. 

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Poverty associates with cultural lay, which obstructs the development of economy. The lag of culture is a problem in humane ecology. In order to change poverty to properity, education is the first task in less developed areas.

Detection of Water Pollution with Root-tip Micronucleus Technique in Allium sativum

Hou Jialong, Zhang Qing

1988, (3):  50-52. 

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Main results of detecting water pollution with micronucleus teehniques in root-tip meristems of Allium sativum were as follows: 1)It is appropriate to treat root tip with NaN₃ solution for 48 hours and restorative culture is unnecessary. 2) The MCN frequency is positively correlated with NaN₃ concentration. 3) The root-tip meristematic cells of A. sativum are sensitive to heavy metal compounds (CdCl₂, Pb(NO₃)₂). Its sensitivity is higher than that of A. cepa.

Aquatic Plant Community in Liaoning

Lin Changqing

1988, (3):  53-55. 

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In the components of aquatic plants in Liaoning, there are 89 species belonging to 42 genera of 28 families. This paper studies the components of aquatic plants in this province,their living types, main groups and distribution,and puts forward the directions of reasonable use of these plants.