Chinese Journal of Ecology

Dynamic Simulating Model of Rural Ecological Development in Marketable Grain Area of Central Jilin Province

Zhang Qisu, Zhong Liwen

1988, (4): 1-6.

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A dynamic simulating model of rural ecosystem in central area of Jilin province was established with system dynamics method and DYNAMO language.By different designs, the long-term planning and designing of the rural ecological environment in central Jilin were made.It provided scientific basis for planning of rural ecological development.

Nutrient Accumulation, Distribution and Cycling in Chinese Fir-Homana Mixed Forest Ecosystem

Chen Chuying, Wang Kaiping, Zhang Jiawu, Zheng Shiyu, Zhao Jilu, Deng Shijian, Gao Hong, Ma Jiaxi, Li Shunming, Xie Wencai, Xiong Zuoping

1988, (4): 7-13.

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The study was made in, 1982—1985 for pure stand of 8 years old Chinese fir (A), pure stand of Homana (B), mixed stands C(A:B=8:2) and D (A:B=5:5). 1. The total accumulation of nutrient in tree layer were estimated to be 852.4, 624.2, 971.6 and 782.4kg/ha, and the total annual accumulation were 113.3, 93.5, 184.5,and 95.8kg/ha respectively. 2. The mean annual amount of litterfall shows B>D>C>A. 3. By returning the litters of Homana to the soil,the content of soil organic matter was increased, and the soil fertility and nutrient cycling were improved. Ratio of annual return to annual uptake of pure Homana or mixed stands were higher than that of pure Chinese fir stand.

Study on Degradation of Lignocollulose by Cohabitant Fungus of Tremella fuciformis

Wang Yuwan, Wang Yun

1988, (4): 14-16.

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The degradation of lignocellulose and the activities of some enzymes were studied during 90-days cultivation of cohabitant fungus with Tremella fuciformis in culture medium of sawdust and rice bran. The cohabitant fungus was found able to degrade semi-cellulose and cellulose of the medium and provide carbon resources to Tremella fuciformis. The cohabitant fungus could not degradate lignin in spite of its high phenoloxidase activity.

Eco-physiological Effect of Light Quality on Tissue Culture of Caladium bicolor in vitro

Ni Dexiang, Wang Lei, Feng Wenxue, Zhang Pifang

1988, (4): 17-20.

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This paper deals with the eco-physiological effects of light quality on plant tissue culture system in vitro in terms of the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids, the activities of peroxidase and catalase, and the contents of carbonhydrate, protein, DNA and RNA. Different light treatments including white, red, yellow, green and blue lights and dark treatment were used. The content of DNAremained relatively stable while the contents of protein and RNA showed no direct relationship with morphogenesis. Higher contents of carbonhydrate in green light and dark treatment were observed and presumed partly as the result of the obstruction of carbonhydrate transformation or the excessive absorption of carbonhydrate from the media by the cultures. The stimulation of red light to the content of chlorophyll by means of phytochrome activity was not observed. The vitrification in dark treatment was found to be coincident with the high level of peroxidase .

Distribution of Heavy Metals in Endosperm and Embryo of Cadmium-contaminated Rice

Kong Qingxin, Wang Xin

1988, (4): 21-25.

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The results of the experiment were as follows: 1. The Cd, Cu,Zn,Mn contents in the embryo of Cd-contaminated rice were higher but Fe content was lower than in the endosperm. 2. In the case of contaminated rice from amended soils, the Cd,Zn, Cu, Fe contents in the endosperm were lower than the control; the Cd,Mn contents in the embryo were lower than the control, Cu in keeping with the control, Zn and Fe higher than the control. 3. The Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe. Mn contents in the endosperm and Cd,Cu,Zn,Mn contents in the embryo of rice from meadow-brown earth were higher than that from alkaline soil, but Fe content in the embryo was in reverse. 4. The contents of soluble Cd,Zn,Fe,Mn in the endosperm of rice from amended soils were lower than the control, but soluble Cu was in keeping with the control; the soluble Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe in the endosperm of rice from meadow-brown earth were higher than those from the alkaline soil, but Mn was an exception.

Economic and Ecological Effects of Fish Culture in Paddy Fields

Lu Shenggao, Huang Chongping

1988, (4): 26-29.

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This paper gives an analysis on the economic and ecological effects of fish culture in paddy fields in northern Zhejiang province.In the system the rice field provided favorable living conditions for fish, and fish consumed weeds and rice insects, controled rice disease, improved soil fertility and rice growth.The rice yield and the output-input ratio of energy were increased by 9.3% and 14.2% respectively.The fish production and the total income were reached to 1384.5kg/ha and 4981.5 yuan/ha respectively.

Effects of Agricultural Chemicals on Farmland Ecosystem (Ⅱ)

Zhang Zhongbing

1988, (4): 30-34.

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This paper summarized the effects of herbicides and germicides on the farmland ecosystem. The herbicides had influence on various plants, animals and microorganisms (including fungi).The germicides influenced mainly on bacteria and fungi, caused the change of the composition of microbiological populations.The durability and selectivity of agricultural chemicals should be controlled and regulated for reducing the unfavorable consequences of their application to the farmland ecosystem.

Comprehensive Evaluation and Classification of Eco-climatic Factors in Rice Growing Areas of Hanzhong Basin

Zhang Songwu

1988, (4): 35-39.

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Major eco-climatic factors affecting rice yield in Hanzhong basin were analysed. The fuzzy set theory was applied to make comprehensive fuzzy estimation of these factors, which were giouped onto three eco-climatic types. Each of these types had its own evolutionary pattern and affected rice production differently. In order to get high yields, agricultural counter-measures should be taken in accordance with different climatic types.

Establishment of Shelter-belt Ecosystem and New Ecological Balance in Pingtan Island

Lin Chengchao

1988, (4): 40-44.

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Based on an overall investigation of the present situation and functions of afforestation and comprehensive shelter-belt system of Pingtan Island,outlines were suggested for constructing a new shelter-belt ecosystem and a network of forest and farmlands, to establish a new ecological balance in the island. The effectiveness of artificial adjustment of ecological balance was discussed, and suggestions were given for afforestation and environmental improvement in coastal subtropical areas of southeast Fujian province.

Information and its Control over Ecosystems

Wang Xinli

1988, (4): 45-50.

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Information is the special attribute of the matter which is given out from information source and has certain control over its acceptor (or information sink). There are different concepts and quantitative research methods of information from different points of view.From the point of view of information sink, the methods of quantitative analysis of information and the decision of an ecosystem were discussed.

Land Resource Research and Landscape Ecology

Jin Weigen

1988, (4): 51-54.

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This paper reviewed the land resource researches and historical development of landscape ecology since 70s.Emphatically discussed were the wide-spread uses of landscape ecology in land resource researches, such as integrated land survey, land classification, land resource evaluation, land utilization planning,land ecological designing and landscape restoration and reconstruction.

Ecological Agriculture in Sugarcane Planting Areas of Xianyou County, Fujian Province

Wu Zhiqiang

1988, (4): 55-56,34.

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Xianyou county is a famous high yielding region of sugarcane with lesser farmland, abundant labor and intensive cultivation in Fujian. Higher economic and ecological efficiency was obtained by intercropping sugarcane with vegetable crops, beans and edible fungi, and by the combination of farming and livestocks. And thus the model of ecological agriculture of "sugarcane-cattle-edible fungi-CH₄ gas-sugarcane" could be constructed. Suggestions were given on the further development of ecological agriculture in this region.

Preliminary Study on the Over-wintering Ecology of Short-eared Owl

Yan Anhou

1988, (4): 57-58,6.

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1. Short-eared owl is one of the winter migratory birds in northern Jiangsu province. It lives through winter here every year from the middle or later part of October to the first part of next April, staying about 125—160 days. 2. It rests in the daytime among bushes or thick grasses and moves about in the fields at night, capturing wild rats. It's a beneficial bird to the farmland and forest and needs to be protected.

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