三峡库区不同植被类型消落带土壤重金属含量的时空变异

生态学杂志

三峡库区不同植被类型消落带土壤重金属含量的时空变异

郭燕^1,2,程瑞梅^1,2*,杨邵^1,2,沈雅飞^1,2,肖文发^1,2,雷蕾^1,2,王晓荣^1,3

(¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所，国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京 100091；²南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京 210037； ³湖北林业科学研究院，武汉 430075)

出版日期:2018-08-10 发布日期:2018-08-10

Temporal and spatial variation of soil heavy metal contents in different vegetation types in Three Gorges Reservoir area.

GUO Yan^1,2, CHENG Rui-mei^1,2*, YANG Shao^1,2, SHEN Ya-fei^1,2, XIAO Wen-fa^1,2, LEI Lei^1,2, WANG Xiao-rong^1,3

(¹Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China; ²CoInnovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; ³Hubei Forestry Academy, Wuhan 430075, China).

Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-08-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过测定2009、2015年三峡库区秭归段典型植被（次生灌丛、弃耕地）消落带不同淹水高程（高程145～175 m）和对照高程（175～185 m）土壤重金属含量，揭示其年际时空变异特征，并运用地质累积指数（I_geo）对不同年限不同高程土壤中各类型重金属进行污染评价。结果表明：所测各年限不同高程土壤重金属含量为：铁＞锰＞铜（锌）。随水淹年限增加，次生灌丛比弃耕地积累更多的重金属；土壤重金属在低海拔地区的积累过程更加明显，且各水淹高程倾向于积累更多的铜、铁；而对照高程中倾向于积累更多的锌、锰。各植被类型土壤重金属存在迁移：随水位涨落周年增加，次生灌丛消落带各水淹高程的重金属铜、锌含量增加，增幅较2009年分别达41.1%、23.1%、50%、9.3%和28.6%、50.0%、38.6%、56.8%；而弃耕地重金属铜、锌含量减少，下降范围分别达28.3%～48.5%和15.5%～29.9%。通过污染评价可得：在经历7次水位涨落周年后，次生灌丛土壤主要受重金属铜、锌、铁、锰综合性污染；而弃耕地土壤主要受重金属铁、锰复合型污染。

关键词: 光合作用, 氮添加, 科尔沁沙地, CO₂排放

Abstract: In this study, transfer characteristics and the spatial and temporal variation of metal ions were investigated by measuring concentration of heavy metals in soil from waterlevel-fluctuating zone (flooded elevation: 145-175 m; control elevation: 175-185 m) at Zigui, Three Gorges Reservoir area in 2009 and 2015. Using the geo-accumulation index, we evaluated the pollution degree of heavy metals at different elevations in two waterflooded years. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals accumulated in soil at different altitudes both in 2009 and 2015 were in order of Fe>Mn>Cu (Zn). With the increased duration of flooding years, more heavy metals accumulated in secondary shrub land than in abandoned farmland. The accumulation of soil heavy metals was more obvious in low altitude area, and the flooded elevation facilitated the accumulation of Cu and Fe, while the control elevation facilitated the accumulation of Zn and Mn. The migration of heavy metals did occur in soil of various vegetations: with the increase of water level fluctuation period, the contents of Cu and Zn at water elevation in secondary shrub land was increased, up to 41.1%, 23.1%, 50% and 9.3%, and 28.6%, 50%, 38.6% and 56.8%, respectively. The contents of Cu and Zn in abandoned farmland decreased, with decreasing ranges of 28.3%-48.5% and 15.5%-29.9%, respectively. Through pollution assessment (I_geo), it was found that, after seven times of water level fluctuation, the soil in secondary shrub land was mainly affected by comprehensive pollution (including Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) while the abandoned farmland was mainly affected by compound pollution (including Fe and Mn).

Key words: nitrogen addition, photosynthesis, CO₂ emission, Keerqin Sand Land.

郭燕,程瑞梅,杨邵,沈雅飞,肖文发,雷蕾,王晓荣. 三峡库区不同植被类型消落带土壤重金属含量的时空变异[J]. 生态学杂志.

GUO Yan, CHENG Rui-mei, YANG Shao, SHEN Ya-fei, XIAO Wen-fa, LEI Lei, WANG Xiao-rong. Temporal and spatial variation of soil heavy metal contents in different vegetation types in Three Gorges Reservoir area.[J]. cje.

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