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基于TVDI的甘肃省农业旱情特征及其影响因素

庞素菲1,魏伟1*,郭泽呈1,张静1,颉斌斌2   

  1. 1西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 兰州 730070;2兰州城市学院城市经济与旅游文化学院, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2019-06-10 发布日期:2019-06-10

Agricultural drought characteristics and its influencing factors in Gansu Province based on TVDI.

PANG Su-fei1, WEI Wei1*, GUO Ze-cheng1, ZHANG Jing1, XIE Bin-bin2   

  1. (1College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2School of Urban Economics and Tourism Culture, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China).
  • Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-06-10

摘要: 为探讨甘肃省农业旱情状况及其影响因素,本文利用归一化植被指数和地表温度构建特征空间,计算温度植被干旱指数(TVDI),对2001—2016年旱情进行评估,并定量分析其影响因素。结果表明:从时间尺度上看,甘肃每年均有干旱发生,且轻旱和中旱面积占比最大;从空间分布上看,干旱分布具有明显的地域分异规律,自东南向西北呈逐渐加重趋势,河西走廊大部分地区旱情较重,祁连山地区和甘南高原区很少有干旱发生;干旱出现区和非干旱出现区的形成是海拔、气温、降水、下垫面、人为干扰等多种因素综合影响的结果,其中海拔低、气温高、降水少、植被类型以荒漠为主、土地利用以沙地和戈壁为主的地区干旱面积大;气温、降水、海拔、坡度、植被类型、土地覆盖类型是甘肃省农业干旱的主要影响因素,其他因素与主要因素共同叠加,造成了甘肃省农业干旱整体上呈“东南润西北旱”的格局;利用基于植被和温度相结合的TVDI指数表征甘肃省农业干旱旱情,其计算过程简单、明了,计算结果科学准确,是今后气象部门进行旱情监测时值得尝试和应用的方法,研究结果可为甘肃省抗旱防旱和农业生产政策的制定提供科学参考。

关键词: 砂田, 产量, 有机肥, 品质, 养分吸收, 西瓜

Abstract: To understand the agricultural drought situation and its influencing factors in Gansu Province, the feature space was constructed by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Land Surface Temperature. Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) was calculated to evaluate the drought event during 2001-2016, and its influencing factors were quantitatively analyzed. Drought occurred every year in Gansu, with the proportion of lightly and moderately dry acreage being largest. Drought had obvious regional differentiation in space, gradually increased from southeast to northwest. The drought was heavy in most parts of Hexi Corridor and rarely occurred in Qilian Mountains and Gannan plateau. The formation of drought and non-drought occurrence regions was the result of a combination of many factors such as altitude, temperature, precipitation, underlying surface, and human disturbance. Large acreage of drought usually occurred in regions with lower altitude, higher temperature, less precipitation, sparse vegetation and land types dominated by sand and Gobi. Temperature, precipitation, altitude, slope, vegetation types and land cover types were the major factors influencing agricultural drought. Other factors were superimposed together with major factors, resulting in the overall pattern of “southeast wet and northwest drought” in Gansu. Using TVDI index based on the combination of vegetation and temperature to reflect agricultural drought situation, it is simple in calculation and its results are scientific and accurate. This method is worth to be tried and used in drought monitoring of meteorological department in the future. Our results provide scientific reference for preventing drought and formulating agricultural production policies.

Key words: yield, nutrient uptake, gravel-mulched field, watermelon, organic fertilizer, quality