田间条件下植物促生细菌缓解太子参连作障碍的效果评价

生态学杂志

田间条件下植物促生细菌缓解太子参连作障碍的效果评价

位小丫^1,2，3,林煜^1,2，3,陈婷^1,2，3,陶子曦^1,2，3,赵涵予^1,2，3,林生^1,2，3*,林文雄^1,2，3*

(¹福建省农业生态过程与安全监控重点实验室，福建农林大学生命科学学院，福州 350002；²作物生态与分子生理学福建省高校重点实验室，福建农林大学，福州 350002； ³闽台作物特色种质创制与绿色栽培协同创新中心，福建农林大学，福州 350002)

出版日期:2018-02-10 发布日期:2018-02-10

Effects of plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria on alleviating consecutive monoculture problem ofPseudostellaria heterophylla under field conditions.

WEI Xiao-ya^1,2，3, LIN Yu^1,2，3, CHEN Ting^1,2，3, TAO Zi-xi^1,2，3, ZHAO Han-yu^1,2，3, LIN Sheng^1,2，3*, LIN Wen-xiong^1,2，3*

(¹Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; ²Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Provincial Universities, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; ³FujianTaiwan Joint Innovative Centre for Germplasm Resources and Cultivation of Crop, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China).

Online:2018-02-10 Published:2018-02-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太子参是一种名贵中药材，存在连作障碍问题。本研究利用促生细菌（Bacillus subtilis和Burkholderia为主）研制的不同微生物菌肥，对太子参连作障碍进行消减处理。以未施肥（CK）、正茬（NP）、重茬（SP）、Bacillus subtilis菌肥（1号）、Burkholderia菌肥（2号）、Bacillus subtilis和Burkholderia混合菌肥（3号）等不同处理的太子参根围土壤为供试土样，分析不同菌肥对连作太子参根围土壤理化性质及真菌群落结构的影响，评价不同菌肥对太子参连作障碍消减效果。结果表明：3种外源微生物菌肥都能显著提高重茬太子参的产量，其中菌肥1号、2号和3号处理的产量比重茬地分别增产107%、112%和96%。另外，3种微生物菌肥显著提高连作太子参的土壤pH值，增加土壤速效氮含量及降低速效钾和速效磷含量，说明微生物菌肥中含有的大量功能菌能有效促进土壤养分的转化与利用。结合DGGE发现菌肥2号与3号处理的根围土壤真菌群落结构特征与正茬接近，其结果通过qPCR进一步验证。这表明微生物菌剂施加在重茬土壤中可以促进土壤微生物群落结构和功能多样性朝着正茬的根围微生态方向演变，即菌肥具备减少连作病害对太子参产量和品质的影响的潜力，同时可改善土壤质量，为优化太子参规范化栽培技术提供技术支持。

关键词: 固氮特点, 产量, 品种, 花生, 根瘤

Abstract: Pseudostellaria heterophylla is a valuable herbal medicine, which experiences serious yield decline under consecutive monoculture. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different microbial fertilizers using plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria (Bacillus subtilis andBurkholderia as main component) on the continuous cropping obstacle ofP. heterophylla, taking mixture of soybean pulp and pig manure as a control.P. heterophylla rhizosphere soils were collected from six treatments: basal control (CK), firstrotation planting (FP), secondrotation planting (SP),Bacillus subtilis fertilizer (No. 1),Burkholderia fertilizer (No. 2), Bacillus subtilis and Burkholderia mixed fertilizer (No. 3), to investigate physicochemical properties and fungal community structure inP. heterophylla rhizosphere soils. The results showed that three kinds of microbial fertilizers (No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3) significantly increased the yield of P. heterophylla by 107%, 112% and 96% compared to SP treatment, respectively. In addition, these bio-fertilizers significantly improved soil pH and available nitrogen (AN) content but reduced the contents of available potassium (AK) and phosphorus (AP). These results indicated that large amounts of functional bacteria existed in the bio-fertilizers, which could effectively promote soil nutrientavailability. The DGGE results demonstrated that the fungal community structure under the treatments of bio-fertilizer No. 2 and No. 3 was similar to that in firstrotation planting (FP), which was further confirmed by qPCR results. Our results indicated that the application of bio-fertilizers could improve the yield by influencing soil microbial community structure and function in thecontinuous cropping systems of P. heterophylla. These results exemplify the potential of bio-fertilizers in reducing the effects of replanting disease and in improving soil quality, providing clues onoptimizing cultivation techniques ofP. heterophylla under continuous cropping.

Key words: peanut, variety, root nodule, nitrogen fixation characteristic, yield

位小丫,林煜,陈婷,陶子曦,赵涵予,林生,林文雄. 田间条件下植物促生细菌缓解太子参连作障碍的效果评价[J]. 生态学杂志.

WEI Xiao-ya, LIN Yu, CHEN Ting, TAO Zi-xi, ZHAO Han-yu, LIN Sheng, LIN Wen-xiong. Effects of plant growthpromoting rhizobacteria on alleviating consecutive monoculture problem ofPseudostellaria heterophylla under field conditions.[J]. cje.

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