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河北辽河源自然保护区油松种群年龄结构和种群动态

矢佳昱,韩海荣*,程小琴,董玲玲,田慧霞,蔡锰柯,康峰峰   

  • 出版日期:2017-07-10 发布日期:2017-07-10

Age structure and dynamics of Pinus tabuliformis population in the Liaoheyuan Nature Reserve of Hebei Province.

  • Online:2017-07-10 Published:2017-07-10

摘要:

本文基于种群生命表和生存分析理论,应用“空间代替时间”的方法和匀滑技术,编制了辽河源自然保护区油松(Pinus tabuliformis)种群的静态生命表,并绘制了其死亡率曲线、消失率曲线、存活曲线以及生存函数曲线。结果表明:油松种群呈波动式的发展,经历3次死亡高峰;种群年龄结构呈倒“J”型,幼苗数量较多,但从幼苗发展到幼树(第1龄级→第2龄级)阶段需通过环境筛的高强度选择,经历第1次死亡高峰;第2次和第3次死亡高峰分别发生在油松由次林层向主林层过渡时期(第7龄级→第8龄级)和生长后期(第11龄级→第12龄级),分别是竞争导致的自疏作用和步入生理死亡年龄的结果;种群的存活曲线趋近于Deevy-II型,为稳定型种群;4个生存函数表明,种群动态具有前期减少,中期稳定,后期衰退的特点。
 

关键词: 适应策略, 内稳性, 养分循环, C∶N∶P, 植物器官

Abstract: Based on the population life table and the theory of survival analysis, the static life table of Pinus tabuliformis population in Liaoheyuan Nature Reserve was complied by using the “spacefortime” substitution approach and the stagesmoothing technique. The graphs of mortality rate curve, killing power curve, survival rate curve, and survival function curve were also sketched. The results showed that P. tabuliformis population presented a fluctuating trend of development and would experience three death peaks. The age structure of P. tabuliformis population showed an inverted Jtype pattern and the number of seedlings was large. However, due to the high intensity selection through environmental sieve in the stage from seedling to sapling (from age class 1 to 2), the P. tabuliformis population would experience the first death peak. The second and the third death peak occurred during the transition period from the subforest layer to the main forest layer (from age class 7 to 8) and the later stage of growth (from age class 11 to 12), which were caused by the competitioninduced selfthinning and the physiological death, respectively. The survival curve of P. tabuliformis population was similar to the DeevyII type, thus the population was classified as a stable one. The four survival functions indicated that the population dynamics of P. tabuliformis was characterized by decreasing in the early stage, being stable in the medium stage and depressing in the later stage.

Key words: nutrient cycle, plant organ, homeostasis, adaptive strategy, C:N:P