关键词: 马尾松人工林, 微生物生物量, 林窗, 凋落物分解

Abstract: Species diversity and composition of bird community at Honghaizi Wetland Park in Yijinhuoluo were investigated from October 2012 to September 2013. In total, 116 bird species belonging to 36 families and 16 orders were recorded. Fortynine are summer visitors and 9 are winter visitors which represented 42.24% and 7.76% of whole species; 34 are passage migrants and 24 are residents which represented 29.31% and 20.69% of total species, respectively. The habitats of birds were grouped into four types (wetland, woodland, grassland and residential area) according to topography and vegetation types in the survey area. The diversity index and evenness index of bird community were highest in the wetland (3.042 and 0.687, respectively) and lowest in the residential area (0.599 and 0.227, respectively). The dominance index of bird community was lowest in the wetland (0.079) and highest in the residential area (0.766). The similarity index was highest between woodland and grassland (0.667) and lowest between wetland and residential area (0.204). This paper analyzed the relationship between the main dominant bird species and their habitat characteristics, explained the main reasons for the increased bird species number and individual quantity compared to previous years, and inferred that disease occurrence and mortality of birds could be caused by the worsening of water quality.

Key words: litter decomposition, Pinusmassoniana plantation, forest gap, microbial biomass