关键词: 空间统计特征, 城市热岛, 时空演化, 杭州

Abstract: Using niche theory and spatial autocorrelation method, an evaluation system for niche of urban agglomerations on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains was designed; characteristics and changes of niche in socio-economic dimension and urban development dimension from 2003 to 2013 were measured, and then niche spatial structure of urban agglomerations was analyzed. The results showed that the gradient of niche status and trend in the socio-economic dimension was larger than that in the urban development dimension, the former was affected by industrialization, and the latter was constrained by resource endowment. The general niche of the urban agglomerations on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains was in a relatively stable unipolar group structure. The niche of the UrumqiChangji metropolitan area with Urumqi as the core was far higher than that of ShiheziShawanManasi and KuitunKelamayiWusu secondary groups, in which UrumqiChangji was as a unipolar group, and the latter two as multipolar groups. In recent years, niche distribution patterns and change trends were basically consistent; hotspots were more and expanded in 2013 compared with those in 2003. The core area showed the trend of agglomeration and enhancement, but the level of development was uneven, with the eastern part being better than the central and western parts. Especially, the role of polarization function and agglomeration in UrumqiChangji metropolitan area was even more obvious, where the process of urbanization was much higher than in other regions, and secondary groups also relied on their own advantages in resources to develop. Urban agglomeration had roughly formed a scale, and the urban economy became the core motivation to promote economic development.

Key words: spatial statistical feature, urban heat island (UHI), spatial-temporal evolution, Hangzhou.