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农村混合污水灌溉对土壤养分含量、酶活性及微生物多样性的影响

刘辉1,2,范东芳1,2,黄引娣1,2,伍永钢1,2*,胡林娜1,2   

  1. 1安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院, 安徽芜湖 241003;2安徽省水土污染治理与修复工程实验室, 安徽芜湖 241003)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2019-08-10

Effects of rural mixed wastewater irrigation on soil nutrient content, enzyme activity, and microbial diversity.

LIU Hui1,2, FAN Dong-fang1,2, HUANG Yin-di1,2, WU Yong-gang1,2*, HU Lin-na1,2   

  1. (1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003, Anhui, China; 2Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Wuhu 241003, Anhui, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

摘要: 通过土柱模拟试验,研究了农村混合污水灌溉(WG)对农田土壤pH、养分含量、酶活性及微生物多样性等土壤肥力指标的影响。结果表明:与清水灌溉(CK)相比,经过WG处理,土壤全钾、全磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量增加(4.54%~46.84%),而土壤pH、有机质、全氮和速效磷含量降低(2.02%~32.61%),且土壤pH极显著降低(P<0.01),土壤速效钾含量显著增加(P<0.05);土壤过氧化氢酶和土壤酸性磷酸酶活性低于CK处理(P<0.01),而土壤脲酶和土壤转化酶活性显著高于CK处理(P<0.05);土壤中细菌和真菌的Shannon指数、Ace指数、Chao指数、Coverage指数等均有所提高,但降低了Simpson指数,改变了细菌和真菌在属水平上各优势物种的相对丰度。内梅罗综合指数法评价结果表明,农村混合污水灌溉提高了供试土壤的综合肥力水平。本研究为示范区农村混合污水灌溉模式的田间试验提供了重要依据。

关键词: 青海云杉林,  , 群落结构,  , 空间异质性,  , 地统计学,  , 祁连山

Abstract: The effects of rural mixed wastewater irrigation treatment (WG) on soil pH, nutrient content, enzyme activity, and microbial diversity were examined in a soil column simulation experiment. Compared with clean water irrigation treatment (CK), WG treatment increased the contents of soil total potassium, total phosphorus, available potassium, and alkalihydrolyzable nitrogen (4.54%-46.84%), while decreased soil pH, the concentrations of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus (2.02%-32.61%). The activities of soil catalase and acid phosphatase were lower than CK (P<0.01), while the activities of soil urease and invertase were higher than those in CK (P<0.05). The diversity indices (Shannon, Ace, Chao and Coverage) of bacteria and fungi increased in soil, but the Simpson index decreased and the relative abundances of each dominant species of bacteria and fungi at the genus level were changed. The results of evaluation based on Nemerow comprehensive index showed that mixed wastewater irrigation can improve soil fertility. Our results provide the theoretical basis and technical guidance for the field experiment of rural mixed wastewater irrigation model in demonstration area.

Key words: Picea crassifolia forest, community structure, spatial heterogeneity, geostatistics, Qilian Mountains.