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高温高湿胁迫及恢复对番茄快速荧光诱导动力学的影响

赵和丽1,杨再强1,2*,王明田3,韦婷婷1,王琳1,孙擎1,张旭然1   

  1. 1南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;2南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室, 南京 210044;3四川省气象局, 成都 610071)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2019-08-10

Effects of high temperature and high humidity stress and restoration on the fast fluorescence induction dynamics of tomato leaves.

ZHAO He-li1, YANG Zai-qiang1,2*, WANG Ming-tian3, WEI Ting-ting1, WANG Lin1, SUN Qin1, ZHANG Xu-ran1   

  1. (1Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 3SichuanMeteorological Bureau, Chengdu 610071, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

摘要: 为了研究高温高湿复合胁迫对番茄的影响,以番茄品种“金冠五号”(Jinguan 5)为试材,于2018年6—9月在南京信息工程大学农业气象试验室进行温度、相对湿度与处理天数三因素正交试验,温度设置4个水平(昼温/夜温),即32 ℃/22 ℃、35 ℃/25 ℃、38 ℃/28 ℃、41 ℃/31 ℃,空气相对湿度设置3个水平为50%±5%、70%±5%、90%±5%,4个持续时间(3、6、9、12 d),以28 ℃/18 ℃、50%~55%环境下处理的番茄幼苗为对照(CK),测定不同处理下番茄叶片光合参数和快速荧光诱导动力学参数。结果表明:在日最高32~41 ℃范围内,随着温度升高,番茄光饱和点(LSP)、表观量子效率(AQE)、最大净光合速率(Pmax)、最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光合性能指数(PIabs)、综合性能指数(PItotal)、用于电子传递的量子产额(φEo)、用于还原PSI受体侧末端电子受体的量子产额(φRo)、用于电子传递的光能(ETo/CSm)和有活性的反应中心数量(RC/CSm)均有所降低,快速叶绿素荧光诱导曲线发生变化,JIP相降低,且ΔK小于0。在高温环境下,70%湿度处理的LSPAQEPmaxFv/FmPIabsPItotalφEoφRoETo/CSmRC/CSm等指标显著高于50%和90%湿度处理。不同天数处理和恢复期间各指标无显著性差异。研究表明:高温胁迫破坏了番茄幼苗光系统的结构和功能,在超过日最高35 ℃的环境中,适当增加空气相对湿度至70%,可稳定光合反应中心,缓解高温胁迫对植物光合系统的伤害。

关键词: 植物, 高温胁迫, 分子机制, 蛋白质组学

Abstract: To clarify the combined effects of high temperature and high humidity stresses on the growth of tomato, a threefactor orthogonal test of temperature, relative humidity and duration was carried out using “Jinguan 5” as material from June to September 2018 in the Agricultural Meteorological Laboratory in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. There were four levels of temperature: 32 ℃/22 ℃, 35 ℃/25 ℃, 38 ℃/28 ℃, 41 ℃/31 ℃ (day/night temperature), three levels of air relative humidity: 50%±5%, 70% ±5%, 90%±5%, and four durations (3, 6, 9, 12 d), with 28 °C/18 °C and 50%-55% humidity as control (CK). We measured photosynthesis parameters and rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetic parameters of tomato leaves. The results showed that when maximum temperature was within the range of 32-41 ℃, light saturation point (LSP), apparent quantum efficiency (AQE), maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photosynthetic performance index (PIabs), comprehensive performance index (PItotal), quantum yield for electron transfer (φEo), quantum yield for reducing electron acceptor at the PSI receptor side (φRo), light energy for electron transfer (ETo/CSm), and number of active reaction centers (RC/CSm) decreased as temperature increased. The rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve changed. J, I, and P phase decreased, with a negative value of ΔK. At high temperatures, LSP, AQE,Pmax,Fv/Fm, PIabs, PItotal, φEo, φRo,ETo/CSm,RC/CSm and other indicators at the treatment with a humidity of 70% were significantly higher than that of 50% and 90%. There were no significant differences among indicators of different processing days and recovery days. Our results suggest that high temperature stress would destroy the structure and function of photosynthetic system of tomato seedlings. When the maximum temperature exceeds 35 ℃, increasing the air relative humidity to 70% can stabilize the photosynthetic reaction center and alleviate the damage of high temperature stress on the photosynthetic system.

Key words: plant , heat stress, molecular mechanism, proteomics.