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濒危连香树种群性比和雌雄株功能性状的差异

马文宝1,廖成云2,姬慧娟1,陈雪3,董廷发4*   

  1. (1森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室, 四川省林业科学研究院, 四川成都 610081;2四川省林业调查规划院, 四川成都 610081;3四川省江油中学, 四川江油 621700;4西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 西华师范大学生命科学学院, 四川南充 637009)
  • 出版日期:2019-08-10 发布日期:2019-08-10

Sex ratio and sexual difference of functional traits in the endangered plant Cercidiphyllum japonicum.

MA Wen-bao1, LIAO Cheng-yun2, JI Hui-juan1, CHEN Xue3, DONG Ting-fa4*   

  1. (1Ecological Restoration and Conservation of Forests and Wetlands Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China; 2Sichuan Forestry Inventory and Planting Institute, Chengdu 610081, China; 3Sichuan Jiangyou Middle School, Jiangyou 621700, Sichuan, China; 4Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China).
  • Online:2019-08-10 Published:2019-08-10

摘要: 雌雄异株植物种群性比偏倚和性别间功能性状的差异可能对种群维持产生不利影响,目前的研究很少关注雌雄异株濒危植物的性别差异。本文调查了四川小寨子沟国家级自然保护区内天然连香树种群性比并比较其雌雄株之间的形态、光合能力、水分和养分利用效率差异。结果发现,连香树种群性比显著偏雌(F/M=1.97; χ2=4.46, P=0.035),雌株的胸径、冠幅、最大光合速率、表观量子效率、最大羧化效率、比叶面积、叶氮含量及水分、氮和磷利用效率分别比雄株高44.50%、27.94%、20.11%、50%、21.14%、14.32%、14.86%、158.7%、19.74%和28.03%,而其气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率和光补偿点分别低20.83%、24.61%、56.11%和44.44%,表明该地连香树种群存在性别偏倚且性别间已呈现出性别二态性,这可能是其濒危的重要原因,建议在探讨其濒危机制中应该考虑性别的因素。

关键词: 单一种植农业, 生态失衡, 可持续安全农业, 有机农业

Abstract: Population with a biased sex ratio and sexual difference in functional traits may have negative effects on population dynamic in dioecious species. However, few studies have examined the sexual difference in the endangered dioecious species. In this study, we investigated the sex ratio and the sexual differences in morphology and photosynthetic nutrient and water use efficiency in the leaves of adult Cercidiphyllum japonicum Sieb. et Zucc. in Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve in western Sichuan Province. Our results showed that the sex ratio was biased towards females (F/M=1.97; χ2=4.46, P=0.035). The diameter at breast height, crown width, maximum photosynthetic rate, apparent quantum yield, maximum carboxylation efficiency, specific leaf area, leaf nitrogen content, and use efficiencies of water, nitrogen and phosphorus of females were 44.50%, 27.94%, 20.11%, 50%, 21.14%, 14.32%, 14.86%, 158.7%, 19.74% and 28.03% higher than those of males, respectively, while stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, and light compensation point of females were 20.83%, 24.61%, 56.11% and 44.44% lower than those of males, respectively. These results indicated the existence of sex ratio bias and sexual dimorphism in ecophysiological traits, which may cause its endangerment. The sexrelated difference should be considered in the future study of endangered mechanisms in dioecious species.

Key words: monoculture agriculture, ecological imbalance, sustainable security agriculture, organic agriculture.