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番茄砧木种子萌芽期与幼苗期耐冷性关系

韩敏,李明明,陈晨,张志焕,徐坤*   

  1. (山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心/农业部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2018-03-10 发布日期:2018-03-10

Relationship between seed germination indices and seedling’s chilling tolerance of tomato rootstocks.

HAN Min, LI Ming-ming, CHEN Chen, ZHANG Zhi-huan, XU Kun*   

  1. (College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, Key Laboratory ofBiology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in HuangHuai Region, Ministry ofAgriculture, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China).
  • Online:2018-03-10 Published:2018-03-10

摘要: 为了探讨番茄砧木耐冷性鉴定的便捷指标,筛选耐冷砧木材料,研究了不同温度(28、20、15 ℃)对40份番茄砧木种子萌芽相关指标的影响及低温胁迫(10 ℃/3 ℃)下幼苗冷害指数的变化,并分析了幼苗冷害指数与种子萌芽指标的相关性。结果表明:不同砧木材料种子在28 ℃条件下的发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等差异不大,但15、20 ℃条件下的相关指标及其与28 ℃的相对值差异显著;不同砧木材料幼苗在昼夜温度10 ℃/3 ℃低温胁迫下的冷害指数也存在显著差异,且与低温条件下种子萌芽相关指标呈极显著相关关系,但相关系数以20 ℃处理大于15 ℃处理;通过多元逐步回归分析建立的幼苗冷害指数回归模型中仅20 ℃下的相对发芽率及相对发芽指数入选,模型决定系数达0.984(P<0.001);通过对幼苗冷害指数进行聚类分析,可将砧木材料分为耐冷、冷敏感和中间型3类,其中耐冷材料6份、冷敏感材料5份;而采用冷害指数回归模型入选的2个因子进行聚类分析的结果,除1个材料由中间型归为冷敏感型之外,其余39份材料的分类地位完全相同,表明可通过测定20 ℃条件下种子的相对发芽率和相对发芽指数,对番茄砧木的耐冷性进行早期便捷鉴定。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 秸秆还田, 秸秆碳转化, 秸秆碳分配, 秸秆碳同化微生物

Abstract: To obtain the convenient indices for identifying the chilling tolerance of tomato rootstocks and to screen out tomato rootstocks with strong chilling tolerance, we examined the effects of different temperatures (28, 20, 15 ℃) on the seed germination and the changes of seedling’s chilling injury of 40 tomato rootstocks under low temperature stress (10 ℃/3 ℃), and analyzed the correlation between seedling chilling injury index and seed germination indices. There was no significant difference in germination rate, germination index and vigor index among the different rootstock’s seeds at 28 ℃, but the germination related indices at 15 and 20 ℃significantly differed with those at 28 ℃. There were significant differences in the chilling index among the seedlings of different rootstocks under the low temperature of 10 ℃/3 ℃ (day/night). The chilling index of the seedlings was significantly correlated with the germination indexes under the low temperature, with the correlation coefficient at 20 ℃ being higher than that at 15 ℃. The regression model of seedling’s chilling injury index was established by multiple stepwise regression analysis. The relative germination rate and relative germination index at 20 ℃ were selected, and the determination coefficient of the model was 0.984 (P<0.001). According to the results ofclustering analysis, the rootstocks could be divided into cold-tolerant, cold-sensitive, and intermediate types. There were six cold-tolerant materials and five cold-sensitive materials. The clusteranalysis by using the two factors selected by the chilling index regression model found that the classification of 39 out of 40 materials was the same as that from the cluster analysis ofseedling’s chilling injury index, except that one material was classified into the cold-sensitive type rather than into the intermediate type. In all, our results showed that the relative germination rate and relative germination index of the seeds at 20 ℃ could be used as convenient indices for identi fying tomato chilling tolerance at seedling stage.

Key words: straw-C distribution, straw return, straw-C conversion, assimilating straw-C microbes, soil organic carbon