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生态学杂志 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 2797-2802.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物物种多样性

赵洋,吴攀,胡宜刚,张志山**   

  1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠研究试验站, 兰州 730000
  • 出版日期:2011-12-08 发布日期:2011-12-08

Plant species diversity in farmland drainage ditches in Hetao Irrigation Region, Inner Mongolia.

ZHAO Yang, WU Pan, HU Yi-gang, ZHANG Zhi-shan**   

  1. Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Online:2011-12-08 Published:2011-12-08

摘要: 2010年8—9月对河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物进行了综合调查。分别在干沟、支沟、斗沟/农沟的上、中、下游布设断面,断面上设置0.5 m ×0.5 m和5 m ×5 m样方对草本和灌木的植物种类和数量进行调查。结果表明:河套灌区九排域农田排水沟植物由17个科、38个属、39个种组成,禾本科(n=10)、菊科(n=7)和藜科(n=4)植物种类最多,芦苇、羊草和盐地碱蓬是分布面积最广的物种。干沟、支沟和斗/农沟的多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数值分别为0.57、1.93、0.37和0.81,0.77、3.46、0.65和050,0.90、3.88、0.64和0.53。物种多样性表现为边坡的高于沟底,但排沟等级间的变化趋势不明显。水的存留时间及农业管理(清沟)是影响植物物种多样性最主要的因素。

关键词: 垃圾填埋场, 氧化亚氮, 温室气体, 排放机理, 通量测定

Abstract: In August and September 2010, a quantitative survey was conducted on the plant species in the farmland drainage ditches in the Ninth drainage area of Hetao Irrigation Region. One hundred and ten herbage plots with an area of 0.5 m × 0.5 m and thirteen shrub plots with an area of 5 m × 5 m were set at the bed and slope of the trenches in the upper-, mid-, and lower reaches of the main, feeder, and sub-feeder drainage ditches. A total of 39 species belonging to 38 genera and 17 families were found. Gramineae (n=10), Compositae (n=7), and Chenopodiaceae (n=4) were the largest families in the flora. The widespread plants species were Phragmites communis Trin., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., and Saussurea salsa (Pall.) Spreng. The Shannon index, richness Index, Pielou index, and Simpson index in the main drainage ditches were 0.57, 1.93, 0.37 and 0.81, those in feeder drainage ditches were 0.77, 3.46, 0.65 and 0.50, and those in sub-feeder drainage ditches were 0.90, 3.88, 0.64 and 0.53, respectively. The species diversity at slope was higher than that at bed, but the difference was not statistically significant between different size drainage ditches. Water retention time and dredging could be the main factors affecting the plant species diversity in the farmland drainage ditches in study area.

Key words: landfill, nitrous oxide, greenhouse gas, emission mechanisms, flux measurement