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生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 795-803.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202103.008

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

四种抗寒花卉对镉的生理响应和富集特征

张明华1,张长锋1,王慧慧1,熊瑞1,蒲玉琳1,张世熔2,徐小逊2,贾永霞1*     

  1. 1四川农业大学资源学院, 成都 611130; 2四川农业大学环境学院, 成都 611130)
  • 出版日期:2021-03-10 发布日期:2021-03-16

Physiological responses and Cd accumulation characteristics in four cold-resistant flower species exposed to Cd polluted soil.

ZHANG Ming-hua1, ZHANG Chang-feng1, WANG Hui-hui1, XIONG Rui1, PU Yu-lin1, ZHANG Shi-rong2, XU Xiao-xun2, JIA Yong-xia1*#br#   

  1. (1College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; 2College of Environmental Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China).
  • Online:2021-03-10 Published:2021-03-16

摘要: 以矮型四季菊、羽扇豆、欧报春和虞美人等冬春季常见花卉为试验材料,通过盆栽试验,研究了不同浓度Cd处理下4种花卉对Cd的生理响应和富集特征,探讨利用这4种花卉在冬春季寒冷时期修复Cd污染土壤的可行性,为提高植物修复技术的效率提供参考。结果表明:(1)在所有Cd处理下,羽扇豆各部位生物量与对照均无差异;欧报春仅根系生物量在80 mg·kg-1 Cd处理时显著低于对照,为对照的74.51%;矮型四季菊和虞美人全株生物量分别在Cd处理浓度高于10、40 mg·kg-1时开始显著低于对照,并在80 mg·kg-1 Cd处理时全株生物量均达到最小值,分别为对照的41.21%和64.15%。(2)在所有Cd处理下,羽扇豆体内抗氧化酶活性均显著高于对照,MDA含量与对照无显著性差异,清除活性氧能力最强,未受到伤害;欧报春体内抗氧化酶活性升高幅度较小,MDA含量和REC有小幅度增加,清除活性氧的能力较强,受到的伤害程度较低;矮型四季菊和虞美人对活性氧清除能力最差,受到了严重的氧化伤害。(3)在所有Cd处理下,Cd在矮型四季菊体内的分布均为地上部>根系,BCF和TF均大于1,地上部含量和富集量最大值分别为136.20 mg·kg-1和1118.20 μg·plant-1;Cd在羽扇豆、欧报春、虞美人体内表现为地上部<根系,TF均小于1,地上部Cd含量、富集量、BCF和TF均为羽扇豆>欧报春、虞美人。综上所述,与欧报春和虞美人相比,矮型四季菊对Cd耐性相对较差,但对Cd有较强的吸收转移能力,适合用于冬春季Cd污染土壤的修复;羽扇豆对Cd的耐性强,对Cd吸收转移能力也较强,也适合用于冬春季Cd污染土壤的修复。

关键词: 观赏花卉, 镉, 生理响应, 富集特征

Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the physiological responses and accumulation characteristics to cadmium (Cd) of Dendranthema morifolium, Lupinus luteus, Primula vulgaris andPapaver rhoeas. The aims of this study were to explore the feasibility of phytoremediation technology using these four ornamental flowers in winter and spring, and to provide reference for improving the efficiency of phytoremediation technology. The results showed that: (1) There was no difference in the biomass of L. luteusbetween Cd treatments and the control. The root biomass of P. vulgariswas significantly lower at 80 mg·kg-1 Cd treatment than that of the control, being 74.51% of the control. The total biomass of D. morifolium and P. rhoeas was significantly lower than that of the control when the Cd concentration was higher than 10 and 40 mg·kg-1, respectively, with the minimum value at 80 mg·kg-1 Cd treatment, which were 41.21% and 64.15% of the control, respectively. (2) Under Cd treatments, the activities of antioxidant enzymes inL. luteus were significantly higher than those in the control, the content of MDA was not changed, and the ability of scavenging ROS was the strongest and unharmed. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in P. vulgaris increased slightly, the content of MDA and REC increased slightly, and the ability of scavenging ROS was better. The capacity of scavenging ROS of D. morifolium and P. rhoeas was the lowest, which were suffered serious oxidative damage. (3) Under all Cd treatments, the allocation of Cd was higher in shoot than in root, the BCF and TF were greater than 1, and the maximum concentration and content of Cd in shoot were 136.20 mg·kg-1 and 1118.20 μg·plant-1, respectively. TF in L. luteus, P. vulgaris and P. rhoeas was less than 1, Cd concentration and accumulation of shoot, BCF and TF were L. luteus > P. vulgaris and P. rhoeas. In summary, compared with P. vulgaris and P. rhoeas, D. morifolium has relatively poor tolerance to Cd, but it has strong absorption and transfer ability to Cd, which is suitable for the remediation of Cd polluted soil in winter and spring. L. luteus has strong tolerance, absorption and transfer ability to Cd, which is also suitable for the remediation of Cd polluted soils in winter and spring.

Key words: ornamental flower, cadmium, physiological response, accumulation characteristic.