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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 4068-4077.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202012.011

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米二氧化钛驱动的人工湿地基质微生物群落差异  

李可心1,吴英海1,2,宛立1,杨静2,荣馨宇1,慕欣廷1,刘峰1,韩蕊1,3*   

  1. (1大连海洋大学, 辽宁大连 116023;2生态环境部华南环境科学研究所, 广州 510655; 3设施渔业教育部重点实验室, 辽宁大连 116023)
  • 出版日期:2020-12-10 发布日期:2021-06-10

Variation of microbial community in constructed wetland substrate motivated by nano titanium dioxide.

LI Ke-xin1, WU Ying-hai1,2, WAN Li1, YANG Jing2, RONG Xin-yu1, MU Xin-ting1, LIU Feng1, HAN Rui1,3*   

  1. (1Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China; 2South China Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, China; 3Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture (KLECA), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China).
  • Online:2020-12-10 Published:2021-06-10

摘要: 纳米二氧化钛颗粒(TiO2-NPs)已越来越多出现在污水处理系统中。为探究TiO2-NPs对以火山石为基质的人工湿地(CW)系统中微生物群落的影响,利用16S rDNA高通量测序技术,分析不同TiO2-NPs浓度(0、60、110和160 mg·L-1)短期(18 d)暴露后的微生物群落差异。结果显示,短期暴露下,CW中Y变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)和类杆菌纲(Bacteroidia)的相对丰度受影响不显著(P>0.05),但α变形菌纲(Alphaproteobacteria)和硝化螺旋菌纲(Nitrospira)等优势菌种对TiO2-NPs较敏感而相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。3种浓度处理的TiO2-NPs对CW中微生物产生不同程度的生态毒性,60 mg·L-1的TiO2-NPs在暴露18 d后对Nitrospira抑制程度最大,110和160 mg·L-1浓度下Nitrospira相对丰度略有回升。Alpha多样性指数表明,110 mg·L-1时菌群多样性最低,此浓度对菌群抑制最大;Beta多样性也证实此浓度处理中菌群多样性与对照差异最大,其次是60 mg·L-1Ttest进一步表明,110 mg·L-1 TiO2-NPs处理中的5个纲,例如δ变形菌纲(Deltaproteobacteria)和Nitrospira等是变化显著的类群(P<0.05);13个科,例如黄杆菌科(Flavobacteriaceae)、硝化螺菌科(Nitrospiraceae)和不明α变形菌科(unidentified_Alphaproteobacteria)是变化显著的科(P<0.05)。表明TiO2-NPs可能会严重降低CW系统的硝化效率。3个浓度的TiO2-NPs均影响CW基质中细菌群落组成和多样性,且对各物种的影响存在差异,将影响CW中污染物降解和转化。研究结果为揭示纳米材料对微生物的潜在危害和CW技术的应用提供参考。

关键词: TiO2-NPs, 生态毒理, 高通量测序, 微生物多样性, 群落结构

Abstract: TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have emerged frequently in wastewater treatment systems. To explore the effects of TiO2-NPs on the microbial communities in the constructed wetland (CW) system filled by volcanic rock, 16S rDNA highthroughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the differences in microbial communities among treatments of different TiO2-NPs concentrations (0, 60, 110, 160 mg·L-1) after short-term exposure (18 d). The results showed that the relative abundances of Gammaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia in CW were notaffected (P>0.05), while the dominant species such as Alphaproteobacteria and Nitrospira were more sensitive to TiO2-NPs, with their relative abundances being significantly reduced (P<0.05). Three concentrations of TiO2-NPs had distinct ecotoxicities to the microbes in CW. The inhibition of 60 mg·L-1 TiO2-NPs on Nitrospira was the greatest after 18 days exposure. The relative abundance of Nitrospira increased slightly at the TiO2-NPs concentrations of 110 and 160 mg·L-1. The lowest  microbial community diversity was presented at the treatment of 110 mg·L-1TiO2-NPs, indicating the highest inhibition of microbes at this level. Further, such level led to the highest difference in microbial community diversity compared with the control treatment, followed by the TiO2-NPs concentration of 60 mg·L-1. In the 110 mg·L-1 TiO2-NPs treatment,  five microbial classes showed significant variations (P<0.05), including Deltaproteobacteria and Nitrospira; and 13 families showed significant changes (P<0.05), such as Flavobacteriaceae, Nitrospiraceae and unidentified_Alphaproteobacteria. Our results suggested that TiO2-NPs might seriously reduce the nitrification efficiency of CW system. The three concentrations of TiO2-NPs all affected the composition and diversity of bacterial community in CW, but with different effects on various taxa, which would affect the degradation and transformation of pollutants in CW. Our results provide a reference for understanding the potential harm of nanomaterials to microorganisms and the application of CW technology.

Key words: TiO2-NPs, ecotoxicology, high-throughput sequencing, microbial diversity, community structure.