半干旱沙丘草甸过渡带人工杨树蒸腾耗水规律

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202010.014

生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 3255-3264.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202010.014

半干旱沙丘草甸过渡带人工杨树蒸腾耗水规律

贾天宇¹,刘廷玺^1,2*,段利民^1,2,张亦然¹,童新^1,2,包永志¹

（¹内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院，呼和浩特 010018; ²内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用重点实验室，呼和浩特 010018）

出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2021-04-09

Transpiration and water consumption of poplar trees in semi-arid dune meadow transition zone.

JIA Tian-yu¹, LIU Ting-xi^1,2*, DUAN Li-min^1,2, ZHANG Yi-ran¹, TONG Xin^1,2, BAO Yong-zhi¹

(¹College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; ²Key Laboratory of Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization, Hohhot 010018, China).

Online:2020-10-10 Published:2021-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 明晰沙地人工植被蒸腾耗水规律，对于荒漠化地区生态建设具有至关重要的意义。本研究应用热扩散式插针茎流计（TDP）与自动气象站，对科尔沁沙地人工杨树林树干液流及周边环境因子进行了长期监测，分析了杨树液流的动态变化规律，揭示了液流与环境因子的响应关系。结果表明：液流日变化基本呈单峰“几”字型曲线，偶尔会出现多峰曲线；不同气象条件对液流速率具有明显影响，晴天液流速率最大，阴天次之，雨天最小；生长季液流速率与太阳辐射强度、饱和水汽压差和空气温度呈较强正相关关系，决定系数R²分别为0.88、0.81和0.76，与空气相对湿度呈显著负相关，决定系数R²为0.79；结合各气象因子建立Penman-Monteith（P-M）模型对杨树林地的潜在蒸散发能力进行模拟并结合树干液流实测数据进行验证，结果显示模拟效果精度较高，决定系数R²为0.83；对地下水位变化情况进行监测显示，杨树蒸腾耗水主要依赖于地下水，地下水位在杨树蒸腾能力较强的9:00—18:00下降明显，随后水位出现不同程度的回升现象。

关键词: 科尔沁沙地, 杨树液流, 环境因子, Penman-Monteith模型, 地下水位

Abstract: It is important to clarify the transpiration and water consumption of artificial vegetation for ecological construction in desertification area. In this study, we used thermal dissipation probe (TDP) and automatic weather stations to monitor longterm trunk sap flow of a poplar plantation and environmental factors in Horqin sandy land. We analyzed the dynamics of poplar sap flow and the relationship between sap flow and environmental factors. The results showed that the diurnal variation of sap flow generally followed a normal distribution, and occasionally a multi-peak curve. Weather conditions affected sap flow rate, with highest values on sunny days and lowest values on rainy days. In the growing season, sap flow rate was positively correlated with solar radiation intensity, saturated water vapor pressure difference and air temperature, with correlation coefficients R² of 0.88, 0.81 and 0.76, respectively. There was a negative correlation between sap flow rate and air relative humidity, with aR² of 0.79. The Penman-Monteith (P-M) model was constructed to simulate the potential evapotranspiration of poplar plantation and verified with the filed data. The results showed that the simulation effect was of high precision, with a R² of 0.83. Water consumption of poplar via evapotranspiration mainly depended on groundwater. The groundwater level dropped obviously accompanied by strong evapotranspiration of poplar during 9:00-18:00, after which groundwater level rose to some extent.

Key words: Horqin sandy land, poplar sap flow, environmental factor, Penman-Monteith model, groundwater level.

贾天宇, 刘廷玺, 段利民, 张亦然, 童新, 包永志. 半干旱沙丘草甸过渡带人工杨树蒸腾耗水规律[J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(10): 3255-3264.

JIA Tian-yu, LIU Ting-xi, DUAN Li-min, ZHANG Yi-ran, TONG Xin, BAO Yong-zhi. Transpiration and water consumption of poplar trees in semi-arid dune meadow transition zone.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2020, 39(10): 3255-3264.

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半干旱沙丘草甸过渡带人工杨树蒸腾耗水规律

Transpiration and water consumption of poplar trees in semi-arid dune meadow transition zone.

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