欢迎访问《生态学杂志》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 3379-3387.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202010.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

云贵高原国际重要湿地景观人为胁迫遥感解析  

康应东1,2,李晓燕1*,毛德华2,王宗明2,3,焉恒琦2,梁旻轩2,4,杨桄5   

  1. (1吉林大学地球科学学院, 长春 130012; 2中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 长春 130102; 3国家地球系统科学数据中心, 北京 100012; 4江西师范大学地理与环境学院, 南昌 330022;5空军航空大学, 长春 130000)
  • 出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2021-04-09

Landsat-based investigation on the wetland landscape dynamics and human threats in four Ramsar sites over the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

KANG Ying-dong1,2, LI Xiao-yan1*, MAO De-hua2, WANG Zong-ming2,3, YAN Heng-qi2, LIANG Min-xuan2,4, YANG Guang5   

  1. (1College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; 2Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; 3National Earth System Science Data Center, Beijing 100012, China; 4School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; 5Aviation University Air Force, Changchun 130000, China).
  • Online:2020-10-10 Published:2021-04-09

摘要: 以云贵高原4处国际重要湿地为研究对象,以1977—2015年5期Landsat系列卫星遥感影像为遥感数据源,基于面向对象的方法获取多期土地覆盖数据,分析研究区湿地面积变化;应用景观指数、动态度、人为直接干扰度3个参数,探讨云贵高原国际重要湿地人为胁迫对湿地景观变化的影响及湿地保护成效。结果表明:38年间云贵高原的4处国际重要湿地范围内的湿地面积共损失7.6%,约299 hm2,人为直接占用是湿地损失的主要原因;人为直接干扰度从1977年的7.4%增长到2015年的13.5%;38年间湿地景观破碎度上升,斑块增多,聚集度下降,蔓延度下降,景观破碎化明显;4处国际重要湿地景观变化差异性明显,拉市海与大山包景观变化较大,受人为胁迫相对明显;碧塔海与纳帕海景观变化较小,保护效果相对较好。该研究结果可为高原湿地的保护和可持续管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 国际重要湿地, 人为胁迫, 景观指数, 遥感, 云贵高原

Abstract: We used five Landsat remote sensing images from 1977 to 2015, acquired land cover data based on an object-oriented classification method, and explored wetland area changes in four Ramsar sites in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. With landscape metrics, dynamic index and human disturbance index, we analyzed the effects of human stress on wetlands and the protective efficiency in the four Ramsar sites over the plateau. Results showed that total area of wetlands decreased by 7.6% (i.e. 299 hm2) in the past 38 years, with direct human occupation as the most important driver. Human disturbance index increased from 7.4% in 1977 to 13.5% in 2015. During the 38 years, landscape fragmentation index and patch number increased, whereas aggregation degree and contagion decreased. Changes in these landscape metrics indicated obvious fragmentation of wetland landscapes. There were differences in changes of wetland landscapes among the four Ramsar sites. Wetland landscape in Lashihai and Dashanbao changed dramatically with human stresses. Wetland landscape in Bitahai and Napahai changed slightly with better protection effects. Our results can provide scientific basis for wetland protection and sustainable management in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

Key words: Ramsar site, human stress, landscape metrics, remote sensing, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.