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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 3221-3230.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202010.004

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

常绿阔叶林土壤动物群落对白符虫兆(Folsomia candida添加的响应

杨旭1,2,卢琦1*,夏焰2,黄苛3,朱睦楠3,颜绍馗3   

  1. 1中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所, 北京 100091; 2湖北生态工程职业技术学院, 武汉 430200;3中国科学院会同森林生态实验站, 湖南会同 418300)
  • 出版日期:2020-10-10 发布日期:2021-04-09

Responses of soil fauna community to the introduction of Folsomia candida in evergreen broad-leaved forest soil.

YANG Xu1,2, LU Qi1*, XIA Yan2, HUANG Ke3, ZHU Mu-lan3, YAN Shao-kui3#br#   

  1.  (1Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; 2Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College, Wuhan 430200, China; 3Huitong Experimental Station of Forest Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huitong 418300, Hunan, China).
  • Online:2020-10-10 Published:2021-04-09

摘要: 以湖南会同地区杉木人工林采伐迹地自然恢复后形成的14年生次生常绿阔叶林为研究对象,调查了常绿阔叶林土壤跳虫的种类组成,并探讨了常绿阔叶林添加白符虫兆后土壤动物的变化特征。结果表明: 调查过程中共捕获跳虫391只,分别隶属20属,优势类群为符虫兆属、裸长角虫兆属和鳞虫兆属,3属共占跳虫总多度的47.8%;添加白符虫兆(Folsomia candida)处理促进了土壤动物群落多度的迅速增加,这些增加主要归因于除白符虫兆以外的跳虫和蜱螨目多度的增加,分别贡献了增加量的43.3%和34.9%,其中跳虫群落多度的增加主要表现在等节虫兆属、裸长角虫兆属和棘虫兆属的增加,分别贡献了增加量的34.0%、23.7%和16.1%;从垂直分布来看,土壤动物多度的增加主要体现在凋落层的增加;土壤动物群落Simpson优势度指数及跳虫群落Simpson优势度指数和丰富度均有显著提高,表明添加白符虫兆对提高土壤动物群落及土壤跳虫群落多样性具有积极的作用;此外,土壤动物群落多度及Simpson优势度指数与凋落物损失率和土壤微生物生物量碳均存在显著的正相关性。由于跳虫添加后土壤动物群落多度和多样性出现增加趋势,因此可将跳虫添加处理作为土壤生态系统恢复与重建的一种控制手段。

关键词: 土壤动物, 跳虫, 白符虫兆, 多度, 多样性, 常绿阔叶林

Abstract: We examined species composition of soil Collembola and the variation characteristics of soil fauna following the introduction of Folsomia candida in a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest naturally-recovered from the cut-over land of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) plantation for 14 years in Huitong, Hunan Province. A total of 391 Collembola were collected, belonging to 20 genera. The dominant species were Folsomia, Sinella and Tomacerus, which accounted for 47.8% of the total abundance. Soil fauna abundance was promoted by the introduction of F. candida. Such increases of abundance mainly resulted from the increase of Collembola and Acarina excepting F. candida. Collembola and Acarina contributed to 43.3% and 34.9% of the increase in abundance, respectively. The increases of Collembola abundance in the community were mainly from the increase ofIsotoma, Sinella and Onychiurus, which contributed to 34.0%, 23.7% and 16.1% of the increase, respectively. From the vertical distribution, the increase of soil fauna abundance mainly resulted from that in litter layer. In addition, the abundance and Simpson index of soil fauna had significant positive correlation with litter loss rate and soil microbial biomass carbon. Simpson index of soil fauna, Simpson index and richness of soil Collembola increased significantly, indicating that the introduction of F. candidacould improve the diversity of soil fauna and soil Collembola in the community. The responses of the abundance and diversity of soil fauna suggest that the introduction of F. candidain evergreen broad-leaved forest soil could be a regulating method for the restoration and reconstruction of soil ecosystems.

 

Key words: soil fauna, Collembola, Folsomia candida, abundance, diversity, evergreen broad-leaved forest.