Abstract: Major nutritional elements nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) were tested with sand culture method for their deficiency or overdose effects on seedling growth and foliar major element composition of Dalbergia odorifera. Specific leaf symptoms were observed in all nutritional stress treatments after 20 days, especially those of N, P and Mg. The nutritional stress had significant effects on seedling growth, with percentages of decrease being 64.5%, 61.6% and 56.0% in seedling height, 95.1%, 92.8% and 76.3% in leaf area, and 92.1%, 93.0% and 80.6% in biomass caused by P deficiency, P overdose, and N deficiency, respectively. Vector analyses indicated that deficiency of major nutritional elements could lead to synergism or antagonism between foliar major nutrient elements, such as pronounced synergism between Ca and N but antagonism of Ca (reduction) with P and K (overdose).