Abstract: With the rapid urbanization, urban heat island phenomena are increasingly obvious. Under the background of high temperature-induced disasters in Chongqing, thermal filed intensity and thermal field intensity index were extracted from MODIS data (2001-2016). Then, we analyzed the spatial and temporal dynamics of heat island effect and its influencing factors. The resultsshowed that the average annual temperature had substantially increased in the past 66 years. The area and intensity of urban heat island had ascended in the downtown of Chongqing from 2001 to 2016. Land surface temperature was positively correlated with the average annual temperature but negatively correlated with normalized difference vegetation index. Such a result indicates that the air was heated by underlying surface and vegetation could alleviate urban heat island effect. Land surface temperatures of urban land, water, and bare land were higher than that of other land types. Our results can provide effective information for urban planning and eco-city construction in Chongqing.