Abstract: This experiment was intended to determine the effects of different temperatures on several freshwater fishes (black carp, grass carp, silver carp etc.) The ultimate upper lethal temperature was found to be 40.5—42℃ and the critical maximum temperature varied from 38 to 41.5℃ for fishes acclimatized at 28 to 32℃. An attempt was also made to determine the avoidance reaction and respiratory frequency of fishes in gradient temperatures. The results provided foundations for estimating the water temperature critelia of freshwater fish.

Key words: Alfalfa, Arthropod community, Temporal pattern, Principal component analysis, Optimal sorting method