Abstract: Wildlife resource baseline surveys play a crucial role in the protection and assessment of endangered species and serve as the foundation for research work in nature reserves. From October 2022 to October 2023, 60 infrared cameras were set up in the Hebei Wuling Mountain National Nature Reserve to observe wildlife, with a total of 10985 camera days. A total of 4405 independent and effective photos were obtained. A total of 16 species from 5 orders and 10 families of mammals, and 24 species from 5 orders and 10 families of birds were recorded. Five new recording species records were found in the reserve. Nine species were among the wildlife under national protection. Moreover, four species were rated “vulnerable (VU)” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. The species with the highest relative abundance index (RAI) and grid occupancy (GO) for mammals was roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), with RAI=146.57 and GO=72.5%, respectively. For birds, the species with the highest RAI and GO was the koklass pheasant (Pucrasia macrolopha), with RAI=6.92 and GO=22.5%, respectively. The results will help more comprehensively understand the diversity and distribution pattern of birds and mammals in the protected area, providing data support for ecological research and conservation management.

Key words: Wulingshan Nature Reserve, mammals, birds, relative abundance index, infrared camera