Abstract: Park green space is one of the important ways to mitigate the urban thermal effect. Clarifying the cooling effect of the spatial pattern of park green space is crucial for optimizing the urban ecological network and fine-tuning the management of urban green resources. Taking 18 park green spaces in the main urban area of Xi’an City as the research object, we quantified the spatial pattern of green spaces based on morphological spatial pattern analysis, and examined the effects of the internal spatial pattern of green spaces on the average surface temperature, cooling distance, and cooling intensity of the green spaces in terms of point, line, and surface patterns. The results showed that surface temperature was positively correlated with branch lines, isolated islands and bridging areas, and negatively correlated with the core area. Cooling distance was positively correlated with the core area and negatively correlated with branch lines. Cooling intensity was positively correlated with the core area and negatively correlated with the bridging area, branch lines, and isolated islands. The cooling effect could be optimized by reasonably controlling the ratio of bridging area, fringe area, and ring road area, and taking into consideration of the proportion of the pattern and the distribution situation. The core area contributed the most to surface temperature, cooling intensity, and cooling distance. The interaction between other spatial patterns also affected the cooling effect. The overall ecological benefit and cooling effect of green space can be maximized by increasing the scale of core green space in areas with relatively scattered green space patterns, reasonably constructing bridge areas connecting different core areas, fully utilizing edge effects to create ring road areas, extending branch lines and integrating isolated islands.

Key words: park green space, morphological spatial pattern analysis, cooling effect