Abstract: Climatic conditions in a long history have far-reaching effects on the modern distribution pattern of biodiversity, while analyzing the distribution pattern, regeneration type, and adaptation strategy of relict species-dominated populations can reveal their remnant mechanism under climate change. From the perspective of relict species community ecology, this paper reviewed the connotation of relict deciduous broad-leaved tree species, their distribution and habitat characteristics, inter-species relationship, population regeneration and community maintenance, plant traits, and functional response. It was proposed that in the studies on the diversity of regional relict species, it should start with the relationships between micro-landform and vegetation, and then, analyze the habitat characteristics, population structure, community dynamics, and plant traits of relict species communities at micro-topographic scale, reveal the spatial differentiation pattern among micro-landforms and the coexistence mechanism of many relict deciduous broad-leaved tree species in local area, and elucidate the remnant mechanism of relict species communities by the analysis of community phylogenetic structure, which would enrich the researches on the biodiversity of subtropical mountainous areas and the theory of protection ecology in China.

Key words: coastal wetland, temporal and spatial distribution, soil organic carbon, carbon storage.