Abstract: This paper summarized the research advances of carbonate, organic matter, and their stable isotopes in lacustrine sediments at holocene scale over the past decades, with the focuses on the environmental implications of carbonate concentration, δ¹³C_carb, and δ¹⁸O_carb, and their synergistic variations in lacustrine sediments, the affecting factors of biogenic carbonate and its stable isotopes and trace elements in lacustrine sediments and related environmental implications, and the affecting factors of organic matter, its stable isotopes, and C/N ratio in lacustrine sediments and related climatic implications. This paper also discussed the applications of carbonate concentration, organic matter, and their stable isotopes in lacustrine sediments in the reconstruction of paleoclimate.

Key words: intercropping, CO₂, N₂O, soil organic carbon, legume.