Abstract: Rodent pests often cause large damage to economy and ecology. However, as a member of many ecosystems, rodents are beneficial to other species. Some birds live in the rodents abandoned holes, and thus, the quantity of abandoned holes reflects the dynamics of these bird populations. In rodent pest control, rodents should not be exterminated thoroughly, because it would damage the species that benefit from rodents. In this paper, mathematical models were used to study the dynamic patterns of the quantities of the abandoned and available holes and their ratios, with the effects of rodent pest control measures and intensities on the changes of the rodent available and abandoned holes quantities analyzed. The quantity of available holes represented the population density of rodent pests, while the quantity of abandoned holes (sometimes both the available and the abandoned holes) represented the life conditions of the species that benefit from rodent pests. It was shown that under any control measures, the quantity of available holes was decreased, while that of abandoned holes was increased or decreased, depending on the control intensity and the population parameters of rodent species. The ratio of the abandoned holes to the available holes was unchanged under comprehensive control, decreased under contraception control, and increased under other control measures.

Key words: intercropping, red soil, diversity, nitrogen., soil fauna