Abstract: Currentyear cutting plants of Euonymus japonicus were treated with different concentration salicylic acid (SA) before frost hardening, and their
 frost hardiness during the period of the hardening was assessed by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and electrolyte leakage (EL), aimed to explore the e
ffects of SA on the frost hardiness and the EIS parameters of E. japonicus, and to search for the suitable EIS parameters to evaluate the frost hardiness
of E. japonicus stems with and without artificial freezing. Treating with SA increased the frost hardiness of E. japonicus stems, and the optimal
concentration of SA was 5.0 mmol·L^-1. For the nonfrostexposed stems, the resistances r and r₁, extracellular resistance r_e, intracellular resistance r_i, relaxation time τ, and distribution coefficient of relation time ψ had high correlations with the frost hardiness measured by EL (r=0.70-0.87), suggesting that these EIS parameters could be used to measure the frost hardiness of E. japonicus without artificial freezing, and r₁ was the best parameter. For the frostexposed stems, the r_e, τ, and r_i were highly correlated with the frost hardiness (r=0.85-0.94), indicating that r_e, τ, and r_i could be the suitable parameters to measure the frost hardiness of E. japonicus after artificial freezing, and r_e was the best parameter.

Key words: Puccinillia chinampoensis, Module, Biomass, Model