A review on plant competition

Abstract

Abstract: Concepts,theories (including the maximum growth rate theory,the minimum resource requirement theory and two phase resources hypothesis),attributes (asymmetry and environment relation) influencing factors of plant competition,and the relationship between competition and community composition,structure and dynamics were summarized.The focus of controversy were introduced,i.e.,the relative importance of competition to individual growth,reproduction,death and community succession.Three hypotheses were reviewed:Grime considered that competition was not important.Newman & Tilman considered that competition was important.Deborah & Ariel regarded that the importance of competition depended on two conditions:1)How much extent of soil resources decrease is depended on plant absorbing and other factors (such as evaporation and leakage,etc);2) How close is the relationship between livability in interpulse period and decrease of plant growth in resources pulse period.

Key words: Rice, Lodging resistance, Nutrient and water regimes, SiO₂ and K₂O content

CLC Number:

Q948

DU Feng, LIANG Zongsuo, HU Lijuan. A review on plant competition[J]. cje, 2004, (4): 157-163.

References

[1] Aarssen LW. 1989. Competitive ability and species coexistence: a "plant's-eye" view [J]. Oikos,56:386～401.
[2] Aarssen LW. 1983. Ecological combing ability and competitive in plants: towards a general evolutionary theory of coexistence in systems of competition [J]. American Naturalist, 122: 707～731.
[3] Begon M, et al. 1990. Ecology. 2nd edn [M]. Oxford: Blackwell.
[4] Callaway RM, DeLucia EH, Moore D, et al. 1996. Competition and facilitation: contrasting effects of Artemisia tridentata on desert vs. montane pines [J]. Ecology, 77:2130～2141.
[5] Connie LG, Paul AK. 1988. A comparative approach to predicting competitive ability from plants traits [J]. Nature, 334:242～243.
[6] Davies W. 1928. The factor of competition between one species and another in seeds mixtures [A]. In: Welsh Plant Breeding Station. Bulletin H8[C]. Aberystwyth: 82～149.
[7] Davis MA, Wrage KJ, Reich PB. 1998. Competition between tree seedlings and herbaceous vegetation: support for a theory of resources supply and demand[J]. J. Ecol., 86: 652 ～661.
[8] Deborah G, Ariel N. 1997. On the relative importance of competition on unproductive environments[J]. J. Ecol., 85: 409～418.
[9] DeLucia EH, Schlesinger WH. 1991. Resource-use efficiency and drought tolerance in adjacent Great Basin and Sierran plants [J].Ecology, 72:1533～1543.
[10] Firbank LG, Watkinson AR. 1987. On the analysis of competition at the level of the individual plant [J]. Oecologia, 71:308～317.
[11] Fowler N. 1986. The role of competition in plant communities in arid and semiarid regions [J]. Ann. Rev. Ecol. System., 17:89～110.
[12] Fowler N. 1990. The effects of competition and environmental heterogeneity on three coexisting grasses[J]. J. Ecol., 78: 398～402.
[13] Gaudent CL, Keddy PA. 1988. A comparative approach to predicting competitive ability from plant traits [J]. Nature, 334:242～243.
[14] Goldberg DE, Fleetwood L. 1987.. Competitive effect and response in four annual plants[J]. J. Ecol, 75(4):1131～1143.
[15] Goldberg DE. 1996. Simplifying the study at the individual plant level: consequences of distinguishing between competitive effect and response for forest vegetation management [J]. New Zealand J . For. Sci., 26:19～38.
[16] Goldberg DE. 1990. Components of resources in plant communities [A]. In: Grace JB, eds. Perspectives on Plant Competition [C]. San Diego, California:Academic Press, 27～49.
[17] Grime JP. 1997. Plant Strategies and Vegetation Processes[M].London: Willey.
[18] Grime JP. 1977. Evidence for the existence of three primary stratrgies in plants and its relevance to ecological theory [J]. Amer.Natura., 111:1169～1194.
[19] Grime JP. 1973. Competitive exclusion in herbaceous vegetation [J]. Nature, 242:344 ～347.
[20] Grubb PJ. 1977. The maintenance of species-richness in plant communities: the importance of regeneration niche[J]. Biol Rev, 52:107～145.
[21] Haizel KA, Harper JL. 1973. The effects of density and the timing of removal on interference between barley, white mustard and wild oats [J] .J. Appl. Ecol., 10:23～31.
[22] Holmes W. 1980. Grass: its production and u ulization[M]. Blackwell:Blackwell Scientific Publications.
[23] Huston M, Smith T. 1987. Plant succession:life history and competition [J]. Amer. Natur., 130:168～198.
[24] Keddy PA, Shipley B. 1997. Competitive hierarchies in herbaceous plant communities [J]. Oikos, 80: 253～256.
[25] Keddy PA. 1990..Competition [M].London:Chapman & Hall.
[26] Lonsdale WM. 1999. Global patterns of plant invasions and the concept of invisibility [J]. Ecology, 80:1522～1536.
[27] Macarthur R, Levins R. 1967. The limiting similarity, covergence and divergence of coexisting species [J]. Amer. Natur., 101:377～385.
[28] Manuel OA, William KL. 1993. Seedling establishment in adult neighborhoods- intrsspecific constraints in regeneration of the bunchgrass Bouteloua gracilis[J] . J . Ecol., 81:253～261.
[29] Martin RA, William KL, Debrap PP. 2001. Intensity of intra-and interspecific competition in coexisting shortgrass species[J]. J. Ecol.,89:40～47.
[30] Menge BA, Sutherland JP. 1987. Community regulation: variation in disturbance, competition, and predation in relation to environmental stress and recruitment [J]. Amer. Natur., 130:731～757.
[31] Miller TE, Werner PA. 1987. Competitive effects and responses between plant species in a first-year old-field community[J]. Ecology, 68:1201～1210.
[32] Monson PK, Littlejohn RO, Williams GJ. 1983. Photosynthetic adaptation to temperature in four species from Colorado shortgrass steppe:a physiological model of coexistence [J]. Oecologia (Berlin),58:43～51.
[33] Newman El. 1973. Competition and diversity in herbaceous vegetation [J]. Nature,244:310.
[34] Paul K, Connie G, Lauchlan HF. 2000. Effects of low and high nutrients on the competitive hierarchy of 26 shoreline plants [J].J. Ecol., 88:413～423.
[35] Rees M, Condit R, Crawley M, et al.2001. Long-term studies of vegetation dynamics [J]. Science, 2293: 650～655.
[36] Shipley B, Keddy PA. 1994. Evaluating the evidence for competitive hierarchies in plant communities [J]. Oikos, 69: 340～345.
[37] Silvertown J,Dodd ME, Mcoonway K, et al.1994. Rainfall biomass variation and community composition in the Park Grass experiment [J]. Ecology., 75:2430～2437.
[38] Strong DR, Simberloff D, Abele LG, et al. 1984. Ecological Communities: Concept Issues and Evidence[M]. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[39] Strong DR. 1986. Density vagueness: abiding the variance in the demography of real populations [ A ]. In: Community Ecology [C]. New York:John Wiley & Sons. 257～268.
[40] Thompson JD. 1991. The biology of an invssive plant: what makes Spartina so successful? [J]. Bioscience, 41:393 ～401.
[41] Thomson JD, Weiblen G, Thomson BA, et al. 1996. Untangling multiple factors in spatial distribution: lilies, gophers and rocks [J]. Ecology, 77:1698～1715.
[42] Tilman D. 1982. Resource Competition and Community Structure [M]. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[43] Tilman D. 1977. Resource competition between planktonic algae:an experimental and theoretical approach [J]. Ecology, 57:338～348.
[44] Tilman D. 1980. Resources: a graphical～mechanistic approach to competition and predation [J]. Amer. Natur., 116: 362 ～393.
[45] Tilman D, Pacala S. 1993. The maintenance of species richnees in plant communitiee. Species diversity in ecological communities [A].In:Ricklefs RE, eds. Historical and Geographical Perspectives[C].Chicago:University of Chicago, 13～21.
[46] Tilman D. 1980. Plant Strategies and the Dynamics and the Structure of Plant Communities[M]. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press.
[47] Timothy GH. 2001. The relationship of total and per-gram rankings in competitive effect to the natural abundance of herbaceous perennials [J]. J . Ecol., 89:110～117.
[48] Weiner J. 1984. Neighborhood interference amongst Pinus rigida individual [J]. J. Ecol., 72:183～195.
[49] Wiens JA. 1977. On competition and variable environments [J].Amer. Sci., 65: 590 ～597.