Abstract: To help rational use of climate resources and clarify the potential productivity, yield gap and main limiting factors of summer peanut in Henan Province, we analyzed the meteorological data of 112 stations in Henan Province from 1991 to 2020 and the actual summer peanut yield data of Zhengyang County Meteorological Bureau from 2011 to 2020. The photosynthetic potential productivity, light-temperature potential productivity and climatic potential productivity of summer peanut in Henan Province from 1991 to 2020 were calculated using the method of successive correction of climatic factors. We analyzed the variation characteristics of three kinds of yield gaps, including that between photosynthetic potential productivity and light-temperature potential productivity, between light-temperature potential productivity and climatic potential productivity, between climatic potential productivity and actual yield. Moreover, measures to reduce the yield gap of summer peanut were explored based on the DNDC model. The average photosynthetic potential productivity of summer peanut in Henan Province in recent 30 years was 15821.4 kg·hm^-2, and showed a decreasing trend from northeast to southwest. The average light-temperature potential productivity was 13206.2 kg·hm^-2, and showed a decreasing trend from east to west. The average climatic potential productivity was 10135.9 kg·hm^-2, and showed a decreasing trend from east to west and from south to north. On the whole, water limitation was more significant than temperature for summer peanut yield in Henan Province. The yield gaps between photosynthetic potential productivity and light-temperature potential productivity of summer peanut, and between climatic potential productivity and actual yield were 2615.2 and 6465.5 kg·hm^-2 in Henan Province in recent 30 years, respectively, and showed significant decreasing trends. The difference between photosynthetic potential productivity and light-temperature potential productivity decreased from west to east, while the difference between light-temperature potential productivity and climatic potential productivity decreased from north to south. The DNDC model had a good simulation effect on the summer peanut yield in Zhengyang County. In 2013, for example, the summer peanut yield increased first and then decreased with irrigation amount at the pod stage and the sowing dates, and the maximum yields were achieved when the irrigation amount was 19.1 mm and the sowing date was delayed for 6 days.

Key words: summer peanut, potential productivity, yield gap, DNDC model