Abstract: We developed the assessment index system for the ecological vulnerability of seagrass beds and coral reefs in Sibu-Tinggi Archipelago, Malaysia, based on the Exposure-Sensitivity-Adaptive (ESA) model. The ecolo gical vulnerability and spatial distribution of seagrass beds and coral reefs were assessed in combination with spatial analysis technology. The results showed that the spatial distribution of exposure of seagrass beds and coral reefs in Sibu-Tinggi Archipelago displayed an increasing trend from the north part to the south part. Generally, the sensitivity of seagrass beds was higher than that of coral reefs, and the ecological vulnerability of most stations were at a medium level. The vulnerability of seagrass beds was generally higher than that of coral reefs. The effects of exposure and sensitivity on the ecological vulnerability of seagrass beds and coral reefs were not relatively independent. Improving seawater quality and zoning management of marine parks have positive implications for reducing the vulnerability of marine ecosystem in Sibu-Tinggi Archipelago. Meanwhile, it is necessary to strengthen the integrated conservation of seagrass bed and coral reef ecosystems.

Key words: ecological connectivity, seagrass bed, coral reef, marine ecosystem conservation, Johor.